Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Tcc Crossland ch 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | The smallest living unit in the human body |
| Schleiden and Schwann | In 1838 Schleiden formulated the cell theory for plants. In 1839 Schwann formulate the cell theory for animals. |
| Cell Theory | *All organisms are composed of cells *All cells com from other cells *all chemicals reactions of living organisms take place within cells *Cells contain the hereditary factors |
| Plasma membrane | *surrounds the outside of the cytoplasum *composed of phospholipids membrane proteins and other compunds |
| Cytoplasm | general term for all the material inside the cell |
| Cytosol | Fluid component of cytoplasm; may contain inclusions of insoluble materials Functions - Distruibutes materials by diffusion; stores glycogen, pigments and other materials |
| Organelles | structures withing the cytoplasm that have a particular function and very distinct structure |
| Ribosomes | RNA + Proteins; fixes ribosomes bound to rough endoplasmic reticlum, free ribosomes scattered in cytoplasm function - Protein Synthesis |
| Protein Synthesis | |
| Surface area and volume | |
| Nucleus | is an organelle surrounded by a double membrane with numerous openings functions - hereditary information, produce mRNA molecules that serve as templates for proteins synthesis, synthesis or ribosomal suuniths |
| Nuclear envelope and pores | nuclear envelope - double membrane nuclear pores - numerous openings on the nucleus |
| nucleolus | |
| Mitochondrion | Double membrane, with inner membrane folds (criste) enclosing metabolic enzymes function - produces 95 percent of ATP required by the cell |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Network of membranous channels extending though out the cytoplasm Function - synthesis of secretory products; intracellular storage and transport |
| Rough and Smooth ER | Rough - has ribosomes bound to membranes fuction modification and packagin of newly synthesized proteins Smooth - lacks ribosomes functions - lipid, steroids, and carbohydrates synthesis; calcium ion storage |
| Golgi apparatus/Complex | Stacks of flattened membranes (cisternae) containing chambers Functions - Storage, alteration, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes |
| lysosome | Vesicles containing digestive enzymes functions - intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens |
| peroxisome | Vesicles containing degradative enzymes functions - catabloism of fats and other organic compounded; neutralization of toxic compounds generated in the process |
| vacuole | |
| cytoskeletion | The internal protein framework that gives the cytoplasm strength and flexibility Function - Strength and support; moement of celluar structures and materials |
| cilia and flagella | nine groupos of long microtubule doublets form a cylinder around a central pair propels fluids or solids across cell surface or with flagella propels sperm cells though fluid |
| cytoplasmic streaming | |
| dynein and kinesin | are tiny cellular motors that move substances along elements of the cytoskeleton. they also move cytoskeletal elements past each other |
| tight junctions | |
| Communicating (Gap)junctions | |
| Anchoring junctions | |
| Cell Cycle | includes both the growth phases and cell division. |
| Parent cell | makes 2 daughter cells |
| Daughter cell | each cell receives a portion of the cytoplasm and organelles of the parents cell as well as a complete set of chromosomes. |
| Interphase | period during which the cell is not actively dividing includes G1,S, and G2 |
| S,G1 and G2 | *G1 growth and metabolism *S DNA replication production of histones *G2 structures required for division begin to form |
| Prophase | *Chromatin is condensed to form visible chromosomes *Each chromosome has two sister chromatids * Spindle begins to form * Nuclear envelope disintegrates |
| Metaphase | *Chromosomes attached to the spindle by Kinetochores *Kinetochores align chromosomes along the plane of cell division |
| Anaphase | *Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite polls *each is now a daughter chromosomes *Enzymes in the Kinetochores provide the propulsion |
| Telophase | *A complete set of chromosomes is grouped around each pole *Nuclear envelope forms around each set (from elements of the ER) *Mitotic spindle disintergrates *Chromosomes uncoil |
| Mitosis and Meisosis | |
| Chromatin | |
| Chromosome | |
| Sister Chromatids | |
| Kinetochore | |
| Nucleus | nucleoplasm containing nucleotides, enzymes, nucleoproteins, and chromatin; surrounded by double membrane 0nuclear envelop) containing nuclear pores function- control of metabolism; storage and processing of genetic information;contol of protein synthesi |
| Nuclear envelope | envelope surrounding the nucleus |
| Mitotic spindle | |
| Centrioles | |
| Cytokinesis | |
| Cleavage Furrow | |
| What is a cell? | |
| What is the basic structure of an animal cell | |
| 4 major tenets of cell theory | |
| structure of the plasma membrane | * surrounds the outside of the cytoplasm *composed of phospholipids, membrane proteins and other compounds. |
| what are the different components of the plasma membrane | |
| what are the primary functions of the plasma membrane | *regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell *mediates response of cell to hormones and other signal |
| how big are cells | |
| why is there a functional limit to cell size | |
| what are the different cellular organelles | |
| what are the structures of the cellular organelles | |
| what are the functions of the cellular organelles | |
| how do cells move | |
| what are the different methods of locomotion | |
| what are the different type of intercellular junctions | tight junctions, communicating junctions achoring junctions |
| how do cells produce new cells | |
| what is a cell cycle | |
| what are the different phases of the cell cycle | |
| what are the major events that occur in each phase of the cell cycle | |
| and Chromosomes | |
| functions of the Golgi Apparatus | functions- synthesis and packaging of ploysaccharides destined for vacuoles and the cell wall,processing and routing of proteins from the ER |
Created by:
sarah.teacher36
Popular Anatomy sets