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Respiratory System
notes, word parts, & pathalogical conditions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nares | External nostrils |
| Cilia | Hairlike projections on the mucous membranes that sweep dirt and foreign material toward the throat for elimination |
| Pharynx | Throat; An airway that connects the mouth and nose to the larynx |
| Pharynx (3 sections) | Nasopharynx / Oropharynx / Laryngopharynx |
| Epiglottis | A small flap of cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx so that food cannot enter |
| Larynx | Voice box; contains structures that make vocal sounds possible (vocal cords) |
| Adenoids | Lymphatic tissue forming a prominence on the wall of the recess of the nasopharynx |
| Alveoli | Air cells of the lungs; known as pulmonary parenchyma (FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE LUNGS) |
| Bronchi | Two main branches leading from the trachea to the lungs, providing the passageway for air movement |
| Bronchiole | One of the smaller subdivisions of the bronchial tubes |
| Epiglottis | Covers the entrance of the larynx when you swallow |
| Palatine Tonsils | Lymphatic tissue located in the depression of the mucous membrane of fauces and the pharynx |
| Pleura | Double-folded membrane that lines the thoracic cavity |
| Trachea | Windpipe; Cylinder-shaped tube lined with rings of cartilage (to keep it open) |
| Alveol/o | alveolus |
| Bronch/o | bronchus |
| Bronchiol/o | bronchus |
| Epiglott/o | epiglottis |
| Laryng/o | larynx |
| nas/o | nose |
| Orth/o | straight |
| Pector/o | chest |
| Pharyng/o | pharynx |
| Phren/o | mind; diaphragm |
| Pleur/o | pleura |
| Pne/o | breathing |
| Pneum/o | lungs; air |
| Pneumon/o | lungs; air |
| Pulmon/o | lungs |
| Rhin/o | nose |
| -scope | instrument to view |
| Sinus/o | sinus |
| Thorac/o | chest |
| Trache/o | trachea |
| Apnea | without breathing |
| Bradypnea | Abnormally slow breathing |
| Cyanosis | Bluish, grayish, slatelike, or dark purple discoloration of the skin due to reduced hemoglobin in the blood |
| Dyspnea | Air hunger resulting in labored or DIFFICULT BREATHING |
| Epistaxis | Nosebleed |
| Hypoxia | Deficiency of oxygen |
| Rhinorrhea | Thin, watery discharge from the nose |
| Sneeze | Expel air forcefully |
| Tachypnea | Abnormal fast breathing |
| Wheeze | A whistling sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway |
| Scarlet Fever | Infection that goes untreated; In adults- Scabies |
| Croup | Chilhood disease characterized by a barking cough, suffocative and difficult breathing, stridor, and laryngeal spasm |
| Laryngitis | Inflammation of the larynx |
| Pertussis | Whooping cough; prevented by immunization of infants at 3 months of age |
| Chronic | long term |
| Acute | right now; short term |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose |
| Sinusitis | Inflammation of a sinus |
| Tonsillitis | Inflammation of the palatine tonsils |
| Asthma | Paroxysmal dyspnea accompained by wheezing caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes |
| Exercise induced asthma | can be outgrown; NOT chronic |
| Allergy induced asthma | only cured when allergy is removed; can be acute/ chronic |
| Chronic asthma | long term asthma |
| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes |
| Bronchogenic carcinoma | chronic lung cancer |
| Emphysema | a chronic obstruction (increase in airway resistance) to the inflow and outflow of air from the lungs; major cause: cigarette smoking |
| Pleural Effusion | Accumilation of fluid in the pleural space; compresses the lung |
| Pleuritis (pleurisy) | Inflammation of both the visceral pleura (organ side) and parietal pleura(outer side) |
| Pneumonia | Inflammation of the lungs caused primarily by bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants |
| Pneumothorax | collapsed lung; a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity |
| Pulmonary Embolism | The obstruction of one or more pulmonary arteries by a thrombus that dislodges from another location |
| SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome |
| Tuberculosis | An infectous disease caused by the tubercle bacillus (mycobacterium tuberculosis); spread by droplet infection (sneezing/ coughing) |
| Asbestosis (5 pts) | Lung disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos particles |
| PFTs | pulmonary function tests; a variety of tests to assess respiratory function |
| Thoracentesis | The use of a needle to collect pleural fluid for lab analysis |
| CDC | center for disease control |
| ABGs | arterial blood gas(es) |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| LLL | left lower lobe (lung) |
| LUL | left upper lobe (lung) |
| PA | posteroanterior |
| PCP (5pts) | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (ONLY AIDS patients) |
| RLL | right lower lobe (lung) |
| RML | right middle lobe (lung) |
| RUL | right upper lobe (lung) |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
| Respiration | exchange of gases between the body and air |
| Function of Respiratory System | respiration, producing sound and assisting in the body's defense against foreign materials |
| Hypertromy | enlargement |
| Adam's Apple | the most prominant of the nine cartilages located in the larynx |
| Left Lung | has two lobes |
| Right Lung | has three lobes |
Created by:
LeeAnn8
Popular Anatomy sets