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AP Gov Ch 11 Vocab
Government In America (12th) Ch. 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organization of people with shared policy goals enetering the policy process at several points to try to achieve these goals; may pursue in many arenas | interest group |
| theory of government and politics emphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies | pluralist theory |
| a theory of government and politics contending that societies along class lines and that an upper class elite will rule, regardless of form niceties | elite theory |
| a theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government is weakened; hyperpluralism is an extreme exaggerated, or perverted form of pluralism | hyperpluralist theory |
| a network of groups within the political system that exercise a great deal of control over specific policy areas; iron triangles, composed of interest group leaders interested in a particular policy, governmnet agency in charge of policy, & congress | subgovernments |
| all the people wh might be interest group members because they share some common interest; a potential group is almost always larger than the actual group | potential group |
| that part of the potential group consisting of members who actually join | actual group |
| something of value (money, a tax write-off, prestige, clean air, and so on) that cannot be withheld from a group member | collective good |
| the problem faced by unions and other groups when people do not join because they can benefit from the group's activities without officially joining; the bigger the group, the worse the problem | free-rider problem |
| advanced by mancur olson, a principle stating that "the larger the group, the further it will fall short of providing the optimal amount of collective good" | olson's law of large groups |
| goods (such as information publications, travel discounts, and group insurance rates) that a group can restrict to those who pay their annual dues | selective benefits |
| groups that have a narrow interest, tend to dislike compromise, and often draw membership from people new to politics; these features distinguish them from traditional interets groups | single-issue groups |
| according to lester milbrath, a "communication by someone other than a citizen acting on his own behalf, directed to a governmental decision maker with the hope of influencing his decision" | lobbying |
| direct group involvement in the electoral process; groups can help fund campaigns, provide testimony, get members to work for candidates, and some form political action committees (PACs) | electioneering |
| political funding vehicles created by the 1974 campaign finance reforms; a corporation, union, or some other interest group can create a PAC and register it with the Federal Election Commission (FEC), which will meticulously monitor PACs' expenditures | Political Action Committees (PACs) |
| legal briegs submitted by a "friend of the court" for the purpose of raising additional points of view and presenting information not contained in the briegs of the formal parties; these briefs attempt to influence a court's decision | Amicus Curiae briefs |
| lawsuits permitting a small number of people to sue on behalf of all other people similarly situated | class action suits |
| a provision found in some collective bargaining agreements requiring all employees to join the union within a short period, usually 30 days, and to remain members as a condition of employment | union shop |
| a state law forbidding requirements that workers must join a union to hold their jobs; state right-to-work laws were specifically permitted by Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 | right-to-work law |
| according to jeffrey berry, organizations that seek "a collective good, the achievment of which will not selectively and materially benefit the membership or activities of the organization" | public interest lobbies |
Created by:
corih117
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