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Anatomy Vocab sem 1
BHS Anatomy semester test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| frontal bone | forehead bone |
| illium | top, broad part of the hip bone |
| lumbar vertebrae | lowest vertebrae in the spine |
| maxilla | upper jaw |
| occipital bone | bone which forms the back and base of the skull and encircles the spinal cord |
| humerus | upper arm bone |
| ischium | part of the hip bone |
| mandible | lower jaw |
| metacarpals | bones in your hand |
| patella | knee bone |
| pelvic girdle | base of the pelvis |
| radius | thumb side of arm |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| shoulder girdle | scapula and clavical bone |
| sternum | thickened ventral plate on each segment of the body of the arthoped |
| suture | line where skull bones come together |
| temporal bones | side of skull that encloses the ear |
| thoracic vertebrae | mid spine |
| thorax | neck to pelvis |
| tibia | largest lower leg bone |
| ulna | pinky side arm bone |
| vertebrae | discs that make up the spine |
| zygomatic bone | cheeck and eye socket bone |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| elastic cartilage | cartilage with eleastic as well as collagenous fibers; provides elasticity and firmness |
| endochondral ossification | process by which bones are formed by replacement of cartilage models |
| epiphyseal plate | cartilage plate that is between the epiphyseal and allows growth to occur |
| fibro cartilage | cartilage with the greatest number of collagenous fibers; strongest and most durable type of cartilage |
| haversian systems | circular arrangements of calcified matrix and cells that gibe microscopic bone its characteristic appearance |
| hyaline cartilage | most common type of cartilage; appears gelatinous and glossy |
| intramembranous ossification | process by which most flat bones are formed within connective tissue membranes |
| trabeculae | needle-like threads of spongy bone that surround a network of spaces |
| osteocyte | bone cell |
| perichondrium | fibrous covering of cartilage structures |
| periosteum | porous bone in the end of the long bone which may be filled with marrow |
| articular cartilage | layer of hyaline cartilage covering the joint surfaces of epiphyes |
| bone matrix | intercellar substance of bone tissue consisting of collagen fibers ground substance and inorganic salts |
| cancellous bone | bone containing trabeculae |
| cartilage | a speccialized fibrous connective tissue that has the consistency of a firm plastic or gristle like gel |
| chondrocytes | gartilage cell |
| compact bone | bone that contains structural units called haversian systems |
| smooth muscle | non voluntary mscles |
| squamous | scale like |
| stratified epithelium | epithelium made up of a series of layers, the cells of each varying in size and shape. Also called laminated epithelium |
| thrombocytes | platelets; play a part in blood clotting |
| tissue | group of similar cells that perform a common function |
| transitional epithelium | stratified epithelium in which the individual layers are formed by a transformation of the cells from the layer below |
| ossification | the formation of or conversion into bone; state of being ossified |
| medullary cavity | hollow area inside the diaphysis of the bone that contains yellow bone marrow |
| osteblasts | bone forming cell |
| osteoclasts | bone abosrbing cell |
| osteocyte | bone cell |
| phagocytes | white blood cells that engulf micro organisms and digest them |
| plasma | liquid part of blood |
| proteoglycan | large molecule made up of protein strand that forms a backbone to which are attached many carbohydrate molecules |
| pseudo stratified columnar | epithelium made up of cells that reach the basement membrane and appear to be stratified because their nuclei are at different levels |
| reticular tissue | fine net like tissue |
| secretion | process by which a substance is related outside the cell |
| simple epithelium | epithelium made up of one layer of cells |
| skeletal muscle | muscles under voluntary control |
| endoderm | innermost germ layer, gives rise to digestive and urinary structures |
| endothelium | line sufaces of the entire circulatory system and the vessels of the lymphatic system |
| epithelial tissue | covers teh body and its parts |
| exocrine | secreting into a duct as in glands that secrete their products via ducts onto a surface or into a cavity |
| macrophage | phagocytic cell in the immunie system |
| mesoderm | middle primary germ layer; gives rise to muscle and bone and blood vessels |
| apocrine glands | glands that collect secretions near apex of cell then repease by pinching off distended end; mammary glands |
| muscle tissue | specialized tissue type that produces movement |
| nervouse tissue | specalized tissue type consisting of neurons and glia that provides rapid communication and control of body function |
| cardiac muscle tissue | specialized mscle that makes up the heart |
| chondrocyte | cartilage cell |
| collagen | principle organic constitute of connective tissue |
| columnar cell | cell classification by shape in which cells are higher than they are wide |
| compact bone | dense bone |
| connective tissue | most abundant tissue in the body |
| cubical cell | cells resemble ube |
| cutaneous membrane | primary organ of the integument system; the skin |
| ectoderm | outer most of the primary germ layers that devels early in pregnancy |
| endocrine | secreting into blood or tissue fluid rather than into a duct |
| transverse plane | divides body into upper and lower |
| ventral cavity | includes thoracic cavity and abdominal pelvic cavity |
| visceral | toward the internal organs |
| absorption | passage of a substance through a membrane such as a skin of mucosa |
| adipocytes | fat cell |
| adipose | fat tissue |
| avascular | free of blood cells |
| basement membrane | connective tissue layer of the serous membrane that hold and spports epithelial cells |
| blastocyst | stage of developing embryo that implants in uterine wall |
| cancellous bone tissue | cone containing trabecuale |
| pathology | study of diseased body structures |
| physiology | scientific study of an organism's body function |
| posterior | located behind |
| proximinal | nearest to the center of the body |
| sagittal plane | longitudal plane divides body into left and right |
| somatotype | classification of body type determined on the basis of certain physical characteristics |
| superficial | near the body surface |
| superior | higher |
| system | group of organs that function as a team |
| tissue | group of similar cells that perform a common function |
| inferior | lower |
| intracellular control | level of homeostatic control of body processes that occurs within cells |
| intrinsic control | control of body processes that occurs within a particular tissue or organ |
| lateral | toward the side |
| medial | towards the middle |
| medullary | center of a structure |
| metabolism | set of chemical processes by which life is made possible |
| organ | group of several tissue types that together perform a special function |
| organelle | any of many cell organs or organized structures |
| organism | any living entity considered as a whole |
| abdominal pelvic cavity | term used to descibe the single cavity containing the abdominal and pelvic organs |
| anatomical position | the standard reference position for the body |
| anatomy | the study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its part |
| anterior | front or ventral |
| bilateral symmetry | cncept of right and left sides of the nody being approximate mirror images of each other |
| coronal plane | frontal plane |
| distal | toward the end of the structure |
| dorsal cavity | body cavity that includes the cranial and spinal cavity |
| extrinsic control | style of physiological regulation in which control center is outside the tissue being regulated |
| homeostatis | relative consistancy of the normal body's internal environment |
Created by:
bethers22
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