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Kourtney Ekerss
Chapter 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscle cells. | Muscle fibers |
| Puckes the mouth. | Orbicularis oris |
| Closes the eyelids and causes "crow feet." | Orbicularis Oculi |
| Raises the eyebrows. | Occipitofrontals |
| Smiling muscle. | Zygomaticus |
| Flattens the Cheek. "trumpeters muscle" | Buccinator |
| Frowning muscle. | Depressor Anguli Oris |
| Sneering muscle. | Levator Labii Superioris |
| chewing (4 prts) | Mastication, Temporalis, Masseter, and Pterygoid (2pr.-deep to mandable) |
| Changes shape of the tongue | Intrinsic Tongue Muscle |
| Moves the tongue | Extrinsic Tongue Muscle |
| The ability to be stretched | Extensibility |
| Ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | Elasticity |
| The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. | Contractility |
| another connictive tissue locted outside the epimysium | Fascia |
| Muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called muscle fasciculi that are surround by loose connective tissue | Perimysium |
| Skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | Epimysium |
| Thick Myofilaments | Myosin Myofilaments |
| Thin Myofilaments | Actin Myofilaments |
| Threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to another | Myofibrils |
| Basic structural and functional unity of the muscle | Sarcomeres |
| attachment site for actin | Z Line |
| Light area that consists of actin | I Band |
| Extends the lenth of the myosin | A Band |
| In the center of each sarcomere is another light area | H Band |
| Myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center at a dark staining band | M Line |
| Brief reversal back of the charge | Action Potential |
| Are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor Neurons |
| A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | Motor Unit |
| Axons enter the muscles and branch and each branch that connects to the muscle forms | Neuromusclular Junction or Synapse |
| Enlarge nerve terminal | Presynaptic terminal |
| Space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is | Synaptic Cleft |
| Muscle fiber is | Postsynaptic Terminal |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains | Synaptic Vesicles |
| Synaptic Vesicles that secrete a neurotransmitter called | Acetylcholine |
| Length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction | Isometric |
| The acetylchline released into the synaptic cleft into the neuron and muscle cell broken down by an enymes | Acetylcholinesterase |
| As actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing | Sarcomeres to shorten |
| When the sarcomeres shorten it causes the | Muscle to shorten |
| Sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction is | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| Is a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | Muscle Twitch |
| Muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until stimulus reaches a level | Threshold |
| Phenomenon is called | All-or-none response |
| The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and beginning of a contraction | Lag Phase |
| Time of contraction | Contraction Phase |
| Time during which the muscle relaxes is | Relaxation Phase |
| Where the muscle remains contracted is | Tetany |
| Increase in number of motor units being activated is | Recruitment |
| Is needed for engery for muscle contraction | ATP(Adenosine Triphosphate) |
| When muscles rest it can't stockpile APT but they can store another high-engery molecule | Creatine Phosphate |
| Without Oxygen | Anaerobic Respiration |
| With oxygen (more efficient) | Aerobic Respiration |
| the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose | Oxygen Dept |
| Results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster then it can be produced in muscle cells | Muscle Fatigue |
| Amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes | Isotonic |
| Constant tension produced by the muscles of the body for a long period of time. Keeps head up and back straight | Muscle tone |
| Contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast-Twitch fibers |
| Contract more slowly and more resistant to fatigue | Slow-Twitch fibers |
| The most stationary end of the muscle | Orgin |
| The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movment | Insertion |
| Portion of the muscle between the orgin and the insertion | Belly |
| Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements are | Synergists |
| Muscles that work in opposition to one another are | Antagonists |
| One another plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | Prime Mover |
| Lateral neck muscle(prime mover) | Sternocleidomestoid |
| Rotates and abducts the head | Lateral Neck Muscle |
| (meaning a twisted neck) wry neck | Torticollis |
| Single sheet like muscle that covers the antero lateral neck | Platysma |
| Group of muscles on each side of the back responsible for keeping the back straight and body | Erector Spinae |
| Elevate ribs during imspiration | Exteral Intercostals |
| Contract during forced expiration | Internal Intercostals |
| Quiet breathing | Diaphragm |
| "Abs" Flexes the verebral column | Rectus Abdominis |
| "white line" consists of white connective tissue | Linea Alba |
| Connective tissue that crosses the rectus abdominis giving to a segmentted appearance in a muscled person | Teninous Inscriptions |
| Flexes, extends, and abducts the arm | Deltoid |
| Draw, scapule towards vertebral column | Rhomboids |
| "chest muscles" adducts and flexes the arm | Pectpralis Major |
| Pulls the scapula interiorly | Pectoralis Minor |
Created by:
Kourtneyekers
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