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Medical Terminology
Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alveoli | air sacs within the lung; oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through the alveolar walls |
| bronchus | branches from the trachea that conducts air into the lungs, where it divides and subdivides |
| larynx | location of vocal cords; below the pharynx |
| nose | lined with mucous membranes and fine hairs; acts as a filter to moisten and warm air |
| pharynx (throat) | serves as food and air passageway; air enters from the nasal cavities, whereas food enters from the mouth |
| trachea (windpipe) | passageway for air to the bronchi |
| bronch | bronchus, bronchi |
| capn | carbon dioxide |
| layng | larynx |
| muc | mucus |
| nas | nose |
| ox | oxygen |
| pharyng | pharynx |
| pneum | lung, air |
| pneumon | lung, air |
| pulmon | lung |
| py | pus |
| rhin | nose |
| sinus | sinus |
| thorac | chest, thorax |
| trache | trachea (windpipe) |
| -ary | pertaining to |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid |
| -eal | pertaining to |
| -ectomy | surgical removal, excision |
| -ia | diseased state, condition of |
| -meter | instrument used to measure |
| -pnea | breathing |
| -rrhagia | rapid flow of blood |
| -rrhea | flow, discharge |
| -scope | instrument used for visual examination |
| -scopic | pretaining to visual examination |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| -stomy | artificial opening |
| -thorax | chest, thorax |
| a-, an- | without, abscence |
| dsy- | difficult, painful, abnormal |
| endo- | within |
| hyper- | above, excessive |
| asthma | respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and constriction of airways |
| chest radiograph (also called chest x-ray) | a radiographic image of the chest used to evaluate the lungs and the heart |
| CXR | chest radiograph |
| chest computed tomography (CT) scan | computerized images of the chest created in sections sliced from front to back; used to diagnose tumors and abscesses |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | progressive, irreversible condition characterized by diminished capacity for airflow to and from the lungs; emphysema and chronic bronchitis are types of COPD |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| emphysema | a type of COPD caused by loss of elasticity of the air sacs located within the lung, causing the body to not receive enough oxygen |
| influenza | highly contagious infection of the respiratory tract caused by a virus |
| flu | influenza |
| sputum | mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth |
| tuberculosis | an infectious disease that affects the lungs |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| upper respiratory infection | infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx |
| URI | upper respiratory infection |
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