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Respiratory System R
Coder's Respiratory System Review for Karen's Class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the exchange of air at the lungs called? | External Respiration |
| What strained, high-pitched, relatively loud sound is made on inspiration: This is also associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea | Stridor |
| Which lung has more lobes? | Right |
| What abnormal condition is caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection and bronchitis? | Pneumoconiosis |
| What is another name for the nostrils? | Nares |
| What procedure is performed with a stethoscope and is used chiefly for diagnosing conditions of the lungs, heart, pleura, and abdomen? | Auscultation |
| What acts as a lid over the opening of the larynx? | Epiglottis |
| What disorder involves acute inflammation of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction? | Pneumonia |
| What is another name for inspiration? | Inhalation |
| Exchange of air in the lung capillaries | External respiration |
| How much O2 does inhaled air contain? | 21%-22% |
| How much O2 is in exhaled air? | 16% |
| Where does air travel after passing through the nares? | Nasal Cavity |
| Collection of lymphatic tissue located in the nasopharynx | Adenoids |
| Voice box; contains vocal cords and is surrounded by pieces of cartilage for support | Larynx |
| Also know as bronchi; These are 2 branches that the trachea divides into in region of mediastinum | Bronchial Tubes |
| Every terminal bronchiole narrows into alveolar ducts which end in collecions of air saces called what? | Alveoli |
| The right lung has how many lobes? | 3 |
| The left lung has how many lobes? | 2 |
| Diaphragm conracts and descends (down) in which phase of respiration? | Inhalation |
| Diaphragm relaxes and elevates (up) making the thoracic cavity smaller | Exhalation |
| What disorder involves chronic dilation of bronchus secondary to infection in the lower lobes of the lung? | Bronchiectasis |
| What part of the pharynx serves as a common passageway for food from the mouth and air from the nose? | Laryngopharynx |
| What disorder involves formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs? | Pulmonary fibrosis |
| What is another name for Bronchi | Bronchial tubes |
| What material is expelled fromt he bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting? | Sputum |
| What is internal respiration? | Exhange of gases in the cells |
| Collection of air int he pleural space | pneumothorax |
| Midline region of the lung in which blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue, and bronchial tubes enter and exit | Hilum |
| Nosebleed | Epistaxis |
| Throat | Pharynx |
| Large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs | Pulmonary Abscess |
| Outer layer of pleura; lies near the ribs | Parietal pleura |
| Disorder involving inflammation of the bronchi over a long time | Chronic Bronchitis |
| Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck | Tracheostomy |
| Respiration involving oxygen passing out of the bloodstream and into tissue cells | Internal Respiration |
| Test involving growing sputum in a nutrient medium to detect the presence of a pathogen | Sputum Culture |
| Muscular Partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavity; aids in process of breathing | Diaphragm |
| Condition involving hyper inflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar wall | Emphysema |
| Another name for Adenoids | Pharyngeal tonsils |
| Surgical puncture made to remove fluid from the pleural space | Thoracentesis |
| Acute Viral infection occurs in infants and children and is characterized by an obstruction of the larynx? | Croup |
| Air sacs in the lung | Alveoli |
| Viscus fluid excreted by mucous membrane and glands consisting of mucin, leukocytes, organic salts, water, and epithelial cells | Mucus |
| Another name for Pleuritis | Pleurisy |
| Loud rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum | Rhonchi |
| Test measuring the ventilation mechanic of the lung (eg. airway function, lung volume, and capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently) | Pulmonary Function Test |
| Swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles | Pulmonary Edema |
| Double-folded membrane covering each lung | Pleura |
| Chronic inflammatory disorder has airway obstruction caused by bronchial edema, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production | Asthma |
| Three divisions of pharynx | Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx |
| Another name for Bronchial washing | Bronchioalveolar lavage |
| Continuous high-pitched whistling sound is heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration | Wheezing |
| Upper most part of the lung | Apex |
| Condition that involves incomplete expansion of alveoili | Atelectasis |
| Adam's Apple refers to | Thyroid Cartilage |
| Test involving injection of radioactive substances so that images reveal metabolic activity in the lung | PET scan of lung |
| scratchy sound is produced by the motion of inflamed or irritated pleural surfaces against each other | Pleural rub |
| Another name for Windpipe | Trachea |
| Disorder involving a rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura and is associated with asbestos exposure | Mesothelioma |
| Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract | Cilia |
| Lower portion of the lung | Base |
| Branches of the trachea leading into the lungs | Bronchi |
| Small branches of the tubes leading into the lungs | Branchioles |
| One of a pair of masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx | palatine tonsils |
| Slit-like opening to the voice box | Glottis |
| Region between the lungs in the thoracic cavity | Mediastinum |
| One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose | Paranasal Sinus |
| Division of the lung | Lobe of lung |
| Pus in the pleural cavity | Empyema |
| Condition of fluids in tissues | Edema |
| Infectious disease of the throat and upper respiratory tract; caused by bacteria | Diphtheria |
| Gas that passes into bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells | Oxygen |
| Space between the double-folded membrand surrounding each lung | Pleural Cavity |
| Inner fold of membrane surround each lung and closest to the lung tissue | Visceral Pleura |
| Essential parts of the lung responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli | Pulmonary Parenchyma |
| Gas that is exhaled through the lungs | Carbon Dioxide |
| Process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing | Respiration |
| Pleura that lines thoracic cavity | Parietal Pleura |
| Tonsils located in the larygopharynx | Lingual |
| A disease of the lungs in which the walls of the alveoli lose elasticity and remain filled causing increast chest size (barrel-chested) | Emphysema |
| Difficult expiration caused by spasms in the muscles surrounding the bronchioles, often caused by allergic reactions | Asthma |
| Oxygen deficiency | Hypoxia |
| Secondary bronchi branch into smaller tubes called | Bronchioles |
| The cavities inside the frontal, maxillary, shpenoid, & ethmoid bones that drain into nasal cavities are called | Sinuses |
| Exchange of oxygen from blood to cells is called | Internal Respiration |
| The exchange of oxygen from air to blood is called | External Respiration |
| The machine used to measure breathing volume is called | Spirometer |
| The Maximun breathing volume (usually approx. 4800 ml) is called | Vital Capacity |
| The Membrane that lines the tubes in the respiratory sytem is called the | Respiratory Mucosa |
| Millions of tiny sacs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide are called | Alveoli |
| Portion of the larynx that closes during swalling | Epiglottis |
| Portion of the pharynx that is directly behind the mouth | oropharynx |
| Substance that coats the inside of the alveoli is called | Surfactant |
| Tonsils of the oropharynx | Pallatine Tonsils |
| The tubes that equalize pressure on the side of the ear drum are the | Eustachian tubes |
| Tonsils contain what type of tissue? | Lymphatic |
| The wall that divides the nasal cavities is called | Septum |
| Stridor occurs in which upper respiratory disorder | Croup |
| Bronchial airway obstruction marked by paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing and cough | Asthma |
| Material is expelled form the lungs | Expectoration |
| Localized area of pus formation in the lungs | Pulmonary Abscess |
| Spitting up of blood from the lungs... | Hemoptysis |
| Tube placed through the mouth to the trachea to esablish an airway | Endotracheal Intubation |
| PPD | Tuberculin test |
| Endoscopic examination of the bronchi | Bronchoscopy |
| High carbon dioxide levels in the blood | Hypercapnia |
| Nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue | Adenoids |
| Removal of the voicebox | Laryngectomy |
| Phren/o means | Diaphragm |
| Type of pneumoconiosis | Asbestosis |
| Breathing is easier in an upright position | Orthopnea |
| Collection of pus in the pleural cavity | Pyothorax |
| Sharp, short blows to the surface of the chest | Percussion |
| Chronic inflammatory disease of unkonwn cause in which small nodules or tubercules develop in the lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs | Sarcoidosis |
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid int he pleural space | Pleural Effusion |
| Artificial production of adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleura for treatment of persistent pneumothorax and severe pleural effusion-accomplished by using talc powder or drugs, such as antibiotics | Pleurodesis |
| Air gathering in the Pleural Cavity | Pneumothorax |
| Magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional (axial) planes | MRI |
| Removal of lung tissue follow by microscopic examination | Lung Biopsy |
| Removal of fluid from pleural space cavity | Thoracentesis |
| Chest tube is passed through an opening in the skin of the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion | Tube Thoracostomy |
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