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A&P II: Digestive
CH. 24-25
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organs involved in the breakdown of food | digestive system |
| the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the rectum & anus | proctology |
| the structure, function, diagnosis, & treatment of diseases of the stomach & intestines | gastroenterology |
| a continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus | GI tract |
| AKA GI tract | alimentary canal |
| teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, & pancreas | accessory digestive glands |
| the capability of the GI tract to mix & move material along its length is | motility |
| the large carbohydrate, lipid, protein, & nucleic acid molecules in food are split into smaller molecules by hydrolysis in | chemical digestion |
| teeth cut & grind the food, smooth muscles of the stomach & small intestine churn the food in | mechanical digestion |
| entrance of ingested & secreted fluids, ions, & the products of digestion into the epithelial cells lining the lumen of the GI tract | absorption |
| the discharge of feces from the rectum | defecation |
| inner lining of the GI tract | mucosa membrane |
| nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium lining & protecting the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, & anal canal | epithelium |
| all the chemical reactions that occur in the body | metabolism |
| chemical reactions that break down complex organic molecules into simpler ones are collectively known as | catabolism |
| chemical reactions that combine simple molecules & monomers to form the body's complex structural & functional components | anabolism |
| molecule that couples catabolic and anabolic reactions | ATP |
| catabolic reactions that produces more energy than it consumes | exergonic |
| anabolic reactions that consume more energy than they produce | endergonic |
| removal of electrons from an atom or molecule, the result is a decrease in potential energy of that atom or molecule | oxidation |
| the addition of electrons to a molecule resulting in an increase in the potential energy of the molecule | reduction |
| the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is a | reduction reaction |
| oxidation and reduction reactions are always | paired, aka redox reactions |
| the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, that causes an increase in potential energy | phosphorylation |
Created by:
MKC
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