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The Eye
Parts Of
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the Outer Layers and Associated Structures of the eye? | 1. Lacrimal; 2. Extrinsic Muscle; 3. Conjunctiva; 4. Sclera; 5. Cornea |
| What are the functions of the Lacrimal glands? | Tears ---> prevent Infection |
| How many Extrinsic Muscles are there? | 6: 4 Rectus, 2 Oblique |
| What is the histology of the Conjunctiva? | Mucous Membrane and Blood Vessels |
| Where is the Conjunctiva located and what does it look like? | Outermost membrane, not visible unless Blood Vessels are dilated/irritated |
| What is teh function of the Conjunctiva? | Seals the Orbit |
| What is tehfunction of the Sclera? | to support Spherical shape |
| What is the Histology of the Sclera? | Dense, Irregular CT |
| What does the Cornea look like and where is it located? | Transparent, Convex - Anterior circle of Sclera |
| What is the Histology of the Cornea? | Dense, Regular CT |
| What is the function of the Cornea? | Preliminary Focus (close/far) - refraction of light |
| What are the layers of the Middle Eye? | 1. Choroid; 2. Ciliary Body; 3. Lens; 4. Iris |
| What is the Histology of the Choroid? | Areolar CT, Melanin, Ciliary Vessels |
| What is the function of the Choroid? | supplies o2 to Sclera, Absorbs Light |
| Where is the Choroid located? | between the Sclera and Retina |
| What is the Histology of the Ciliary Body? | serrated ring of Smooth Muscles |
| Where is the Ciliary Body located? | Anterior portion of Choroid |
| What is the function of the Ciliary Body? | supports the Lens |
| What is the Histology of the Lens? | Avascular, Stratified Squamous Epithelium and Protein fibers |
| How does the Lens change its shape? | via Ciliary Muscles |
| What happens to the Lens over time? | Lees Pliable, Cloudy/Opaque |
| What is the function of the Lens? | Focus and Refract light |
| What structure holds the Lens in place? | Suspensory Ligaments |
| Where is the Iris located? | attached to Ciliary Body |
| What is the Histology of the Iris? | Circular Smooth Muscle: Constricts; Radial Smooth Muscle: Dilates |
| What structure creates the pupil? | The center/hole of the Iris |
| What creates eye color? | Brown: Melanin; Blue: light refracting off Aqueous Humor |
| What structures are located in the Inner Eye? | 1. Retina 2. Optic Nerve |
| What structures are part of the Retina? | 1. branches of Central Artery; 2. Macula Lutea; 3. Central Fovea; 4. Optic Disc |
| What structures make up the Photoreceptor layer of the Retina? | Rods: B&W; Cones: Color |
| Where is the Macula Lutea located and what is its function? | Center of Retina - where Most Light is directed - Not crossed by Blood Vessels |
| Where is the Central Fovea located and what is its function? | inside Macula - highest Cone Density |
| Where is the Optic Disc located and what is its function? | at Optic Nerve - Blind Spot (devoid of Rods and Cones) |
| What is the function of the Optic Nerve? | Sensory Receptor of the Eye |
| What protects the Optic Nerve? | Meninges: Dura, Arachnoid, Pia |
| Where is Aqueous Humor located? | Anterior Segment |
| What produces Aqueous Humor? | produced by processes of Ciliary Body |
| What is the function of Aqueous Humor? | maintain Shape of Cornea |
| What is the canal of Schlemm? | Drain Aqueous Humor ---> Anterior Ciliary Veins leaving Eye |
| Where is Vitreous Humor located? | Posterior Segment of Eye |
| Where is Vitreous Humor made? | ONLY during Embryonic stage |
| What is the composition of Vitreous Humor? | glassy, Gel material w/ Phagocytic Cells |
| What is the function of Vitreous Humor? | supports Shape of Retina, Removes Cellular debris |