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Medical Terminology
Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abdomin | abdomen (abdominal cavity or abdominal wall) |
| append, appendic | appendix |
| chol | gall, bile |
| col, colon | colon (usually the large intestines) |
| duoden | duodenum |
| enter | intestines (usually small intestines) |
| esophag | esophagus |
| gastr | stomach |
| gingiv | gums |
| gloss | tongue |
| hepat | liver |
| ile | ileum |
| jejun | jejunum |
| lapar | abdomen (abdominal cavity or abdominal wall) |
| lingu | tongue |
| or | mouth |
| pancreat | pancreas |
| peps | digestion |
| phag | swallowing, eating |
| proct | rectum |
| rect | rectum |
| sigmoid | sigmoid colon |
| -algia | pain |
| abdominal ultrasound | a diagnostic procedure that is the process of recording images of the internal organs using high-frequency sound waves produced by a transducer placed directly on the skin covering the abdominal cavity |
| bariatric surgery | surgical reduction of gastric capacity to effect significant weight loss in extremely obese patients |
| barium enema | diagnostic procedure in which a series of radiographic images are taken of the large intestine after a barium enema has been administered rectally (also called lower GI series) |
| BE | barium enema |
| Crohn disease | chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction |
| diarrhea | abnormally frequent discharge of partially solid or fluid fecal matter |
| endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | radiographic examination of the biliary tract and pancreatic ducts with contrast media, fluorscopy, and endoscopy |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease | disorder characterized by the abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| hemorhoid | varicose vein in the rectal area, which may be internal or external |
| hernia | protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall |
| peptic ulcer | eroded area of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach |
| polyp | tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane |
| ulcerative colitis | a disease characterized by inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers |
| upper GI series | a diagnostic procedure in which a series of radiographic images are taken of the stomach and duodenum after the contrast agent barium has been swallowed (also called a barium swallow) |
| UGI series | upper GI series |
| anus | opening for elmination of feces |
| appendix | small pouch attached to the beginning of the large intestine or cecum |
| colon | major component of the large intestine, which comprises the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon |
| esophagus | tube that transports food from pharynx to the stomach |
| gallbladder | small, saclike structure that stores bile |
| large intestine | approximately 5-foot tubular structure extending from the ileum to the anus |
| liver | organ that produces bile for the digestion of fats; performs many other functions that support digestion and metabolism |
| mouth | takes in and breaks up food |
| pancreas | organ that secretes multiple enzymes necessary for digestion |
| pharynx | performs swallowing action that passes food from the mouth into the esophagus |
| rectum | last part of the large intestine connecting to the anus; stores and expels feces |
| sigmoid colon | S-shaped section of the large intestine leading into the rectum |
| small intestine | 20-foot tubular structure extending from the stomach to the large intestine; has three sections: duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| stomach | J-shaped sac that mixes and stores food; secretes substances that aid digestion |
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1138740071
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