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Medical Terminology

Digestive System

QuestionAnswer
abdomin abdomen (abdominal cavity or abdominal wall)
append, appendic appendix
chol gall, bile
col, colon colon (usually the large intestines)
duoden duodenum
enter intestines (usually small intestines)
esophag esophagus
gastr stomach
gingiv gums
gloss tongue
hepat liver
ile ileum
jejun jejunum
lapar abdomen (abdominal cavity or abdominal wall)
lingu tongue
or mouth
pancreat pancreas
peps digestion
phag swallowing, eating
proct rectum
rect rectum
sigmoid sigmoid colon
-algia pain
abdominal ultrasound a diagnostic procedure that is the process of recording images of the internal organs using high-frequency sound waves produced by a transducer placed directly on the skin covering the abdominal cavity
bariatric surgery surgical reduction of gastric capacity to effect significant weight loss in extremely obese patients
barium enema diagnostic procedure in which a series of radiographic images are taken of the large intestine after a barium enema has been administered rectally (also called lower GI series)
BE barium enema
Crohn disease chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction
diarrhea abnormally frequent discharge of partially solid or fluid fecal matter
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography radiographic examination of the biliary tract and pancreatic ducts with contrast media, fluorscopy, and endoscopy
gastroesophageal reflux disease disorder characterized by the abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus
ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease
hemorhoid varicose vein in the rectal area, which may be internal or external
hernia protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall
peptic ulcer eroded area of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach
polyp tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane
ulcerative colitis a disease characterized by inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers
upper GI series a diagnostic procedure in which a series of radiographic images are taken of the stomach and duodenum after the contrast agent barium has been swallowed (also called a barium swallow)
UGI series upper GI series
anus opening for elmination of feces
appendix small pouch attached to the beginning of the large intestine or cecum
colon major component of the large intestine, which comprises the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon
esophagus tube that transports food from pharynx to the stomach
gallbladder small, saclike structure that stores bile
large intestine approximately 5-foot tubular structure extending from the ileum to the anus
liver organ that produces bile for the digestion of fats; performs many other functions that support digestion and metabolism
mouth takes in and breaks up food
pancreas organ that secretes multiple enzymes necessary for digestion
pharynx performs swallowing action that passes food from the mouth into the esophagus
rectum last part of the large intestine connecting to the anus; stores and expels feces
sigmoid colon S-shaped section of the large intestine leading into the rectum
small intestine 20-foot tubular structure extending from the stomach to the large intestine; has three sections: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
stomach J-shaped sac that mixes and stores food; secretes substances that aid digestion
Created by: 1138740071
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