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nervous sys bio101
Bio 101 test study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Divisions of the Nervous System | Central and Peripheral |
| central nervous system(CNS) consists of? | Brain and Spinal Cord |
| the 2 types of cells of the nervous system? | Neurons and glia |
| Neurons | Transmit signal |
| Glia | Caretakers of neurons |
| 2 of the major types of Glia | Astrocytes, Microglia |
| Astrocytes | Blood Brain Barrier |
| Microglia | remove microbes |
| Sensory neurons(afferent)(at) | sends the signal toward the brain |
| Motor neurons(efferent)(effect of) | sends the signal to the muscle |
| Interneurons(central, connecting neurons) | between neurons |
| Dendrites | sends signal toward the cell body |
| Axons | Sends signal away from the cell body |
| myelin is formed by? | Schwann cells in the PNS, Oligodendrocytes in the CNS |
| Endoneurium | within |
| Perineurium | surrounding |
| Epineurium | uppon(think like the skin) |
| polarization | at rest, slightly positive on the outside |
| Depolarization | Na+ions to rush inward; this causes inside to now become more positive and the outside to become more negative |
| Whats the purpose of myelin? saltatory conduction? | Membrane is covered with myelin, the impulse skips that section and jumps to another. (speeds up signal) |
| Synapse | Where we chemically send signal from one to another. |
| neurotransmitters | diffuse back into pre-synaptic knob-released at synapse by pre synaptic neuron |
| Diencephalon | hypothalamus |
| brainstem includes 3 structures | medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain |
| gyri | ridges |
| Frontal lobe | Voluntary movement(motor) somatic NS |
| Temporal lobe | on side by ears, primary auditory cortex(receives sensory info from ears) |
| Occipital lobe | vision |
| hypothalamus | control, maintains water balance(ADH), and sleep cycles |
| Brain stem | Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain |
| medulla oblongata | vital centers |
| 1 of the 3 layers of coverings for the brain and spinal cord | dura mater-outer layer |
| Part of the PNS | Autonomic nervous system |
| autonomic nervous system | connect brain and spinal cord to glands, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle |
| Main function of spinal cord | reflex center |
| reflex arc | 2 neuron arc(simplest), 3 neuron arc(interneurons) |
| Where do all interneurons lie? | within gray matter of spinal cord |
| autonomic nervous system | consists of motor neurons that conduct impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands |
| sympathetic nervous system | thoracolumbar system, fight or flight |
| parasympathetic nervous system | craniosacral system, rest and digest response(dominates unter normal everyday conditions. |
Created by:
lizard266
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