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Anatomy Test #3
Anatomy Test, Integumentary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Contains 4-5 layers, produces keratin, lacks blood vessels, composed of stratified squamous epithelium, serves as the outermost protective layer of the skin | Epidermis |
| Thickest layer, contains special sensory receptors, contains irregular, dense connective tissue, contains muscle fibers, hair follicles, glands and many nerves and blood vessels, serves as a reservoir for water and electrolytes | Dermis |
| Another name for the hypodermis, composed of loose connective tissue and insulating adipose tissue, binds the skin to underlying organs, contains the major blood vessels that supply the skin | Subcutaneous layer |
| base cell layer, layer of reproducing cells, another name for stratum germinativum | stratum basale |
| horny layer, most superficial layer, consists of flattened keratinized cells | stratum corneum |
| granular layer, cells begin to die | stratum granulosum |
| clear layer, absent in thin skin | stratum lucidum |
| spiny layer, contains prickle cells | stratum spinosum |
| responds to light touch | Meissner's corpuscles |
| responds to heavy pressure | Pacinian corpuscles |
| body of the nail | nail plate |
| projects from the skin | hair shaft |
| produces heavily keratinized cells | hair follicle |
| portion of hair embedded in the skin | hair root |
| a layer of epithelium under the nail | nail bed |
| part of nail embedded in the skin | nail root |
| moon-shaped white area nearest the root | lunula |
| protrudes into the base of the follicle, provides the nutrients supply | hair papilla |
| hair shaft is flat and ribbon-like shaped | kinky |
| hair shaft is oval | wavy |
| hair shaft is perfectly round | straight |
| pale and fine hair | vellus |
| coarser and longer hair | terminal |
| white nail bed | anemia |
| horizontal furrows | malnutrition/illness |
| nails take on a blue cast | cyanotic condition |
| loosening of the nail from the nail bed | onycholysis |
| axillary and genital areas, located deep in subcutaneous layer | apocrine glands |
| secrete earwax, modified apocrine glands, found in the lining of the external ear canal | ceruminous glands |
| secrete perspiration/sweat, most numerous sweat glands, abundant on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, forehead, neck and back | eccrine glands |
| secrete breast milk, located in the breast | mammary glands |
| secrete sebum, associated with hair follicles, secreted to help the hair stay soft, pliable and waterproof | sebaceous glands |
| skin secretions and melanin | chemical barriers |
| prevent the entrance and loss of substances | physical barriers |
| immune system helps fight infections and attacks foreign objects | biological barriers |
| heat escapes from all over the body | radiation |
| heat moves to cooler objects | conduction |
| air currents replace warm air with cooler air | convection |
| water leaves the skin in the form of a gas | evaporation |
| baldness | alopecia |
| lack of melanin | albinism |
| pigment-producing cells | melanocytes |
| lowering of the body temperature | hypothermia |
| accumulation of bilirubin in the skin | jaundice |
| patches of de-pigmented white skin | vitiligo |
| persistent friction causes a gross thickening of the epidermis | callus |
| area where blood has escaped and clotted in the tissue spaces | bruise |
| acute trauma that causes a separation of the epidermal and dermal layers | blister |
| a cut below the dermis, suturing helps speed up the healing process | deeper cuts |
| healing is accompanied by the formation of granulations | large, open wounds |
| a cut that only involves the epidermis | shallow cuts |
| dried blood clot and fluids | scab |
| consists mainly of fibrous proteins that forms from plasma, cells, and platelets | clot |
| example is sunburn, superficial partial-thickness | first degree burn |
| deep partial-thickness, blistering normally occurs, burn effects some of the epidermis and some dermis | second degree burn |
| full thickness, destroys the epidermis, dermis and accessory organs, occurs when immersed in hot liquid, fire or corrosive chemicals | third degree burn |
| skin graft, removal of a thin layer of skin from an unburned area and transplant it | autograft |
| leaves extensive scars, burn too extensive, cadaveric skin from a bank is used to cover the injury, temporary covering that decreases the size of the wound and helps prevent infection and helps preserve deeper tissue | homograft |
Created by:
lizzyliz714
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