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Cianci - McKinney
Black African Slavery, the Plantation System, and the Atlantic Economy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| First African slaves imported | Done by the Portuguese, from West Africa into Iberian Peninsula. Due to the Ottoman Empire no longer exporting white slaves |
| Slave usage | Servants, "Novelty", Plantation labor, mining, often used for sugar, coffee and tobacco harvesting, |
| Why Africans came to America | European settlers did not want to perform manual labor. Enslaved Native Americans died off from disease. |
| Source of African slaves | West African coast. Slave trade was already in existence, due to political warfare. |
| South American slaves: | Imported a century earlier, and many more slaves came here than North America. Slave numbers declined in the 17th century, became less fundamental (excluding Brazil) |
| Start of North American slavery | 1619, Jamestown, Virginia |
| African communities | Southern American slave communities often were larger than those of the Europeans. |
| Sugar | Huge export, mainly harvested in Caribbean at the end of the 1600's. |
| Increase of slaves in the Caribbean | 1700's, went to Brazil and Caribbean islands. Around 20,000 were imported early on. An estimated 90% (and growing) of Jamaica's population was African slaves. |
| High slave mortality rate causes | Infertility, malnutrition and disease. This region wasn't very suitable for living/laboring |
| Chief slave traders | 16th century: Spain and Portugal 17th century: Netherland 17th onward: England |
| Slave triangle trade | European goods to Africa for slaves Slaves to West Indies for produce Sugar and produce to Europe |
| "Seasoning" | Conditioning newly imported slaves to their lack of freedom, labor tasks, etc. |
| The slave communities | Slaves built new communities in order to preserve culture, kept languages and religions. Formed new "nations". |
| Slave laws | Gave some, but few, rights to slaves. Mainly created for preventing revolts. Welfare still was unimportant to owners |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism and Protestantism was forced onto slaves, though some kept their beliefs by mixing them with Christianity. |
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Cianci
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