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Macroeconomics U2
Measurements of Economic Performance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| GDP (nominal vs real) | Nominal GDP- measured in current prices; no inflation yr to yr Real GDP- adjusted for inflation; best measure for economic growth; deflates nominal GDP by adjusting for inflation in terms of a base yr |
| Expenditure Approach | to find GDP by C + I + G + Xn |
| Intermediate Goods | creats final product but not counted in GDP; ex. pizza final good tomatoe cheese dough all intermediate goods |
| Final Goods | the final good that is sold in market; ex pizza, cars |
| Price Index | price of market basket in a yr; shows changes in prices |
| Cyclical Unemployment | Results from recessions; demand decreases= service demand lowers= workers fired |
| Frictional Unemployment | Workers are temporary without a job or in between jobs; qualified but not working; ex. recent graduates and seasonal workers like OC Fair workers |
| Structural Unemployment | Workers’ skills are obsolete; permanent loss of these jobs is “creative destruction”; ex. Blacksmiths and technological unemployment like auto assemblers who are replaced by machines |
| CPI | measures inflation; CPI= (price of market basket in a particular yr)/ (price of market basket in base yr) x 100 |
| Nominal vs Real Income | nominal income- income unadjusted for the effects of inflation or deflation real income- income expressed in terms of the goods or services it can purchase. |
| Real vs Nomianl Interest Rate | real interest rate- interest rate adjusted for inflation, computed by deducting the expected rate of inflation from the nominal interest rate nominal interest rate- interest rate unadjusted for inflation |
| Inflation | rise in prices of goods; reduces "purchasing power" of dollars |
| Natural Rate of Unemployment | rate = unemployed / labor force x 100; there will be full employment if there is no cyclical unemployment |