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MJ7
ch.7
Question | Answer |
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buccinator | muscle located in the fleshy part of the cheek |
temporal | lower jaw |
masseter | moves lower jaw upward,used when biting and chewing |
trapezius | triangular-shaped muscle that extends across the back of the shoulder, covers the back of the neck, and pulls shoulder bladdes together |
latissimus dorsi** | lower back and extends to our armpits |
pectoralis major** | fan-shaped muscle that crosses the upper part of the front of the chest |
deltoid | muscle covers the shoulder joint, is used for intramuscular injestion |
gluteus maximus** | most of the fleshy part of the bottuck. its a large muscle that offers support while standing |
gluteus medius** | smaller muscle located above the upper outer quadrant of the gluteus maximus, is ine of the muscles used for intramuscular injection |
hamstring muscle | located in the posterior of the thigh, responsible for flexing the leg on the thigh |
gastrochemius | main muscle of the calf |
tibialis anterior | muscle is positioned on the front of the leg |
atrophy** | wasting away |
contracture** | abnormal(usually permanent_ bending of a joint into a fixed position, usually caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers |
fascia** | thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle, holding the fibers together |
insertion** | point of attachment, mobile |
involuntary muscle** | muscle that act without conscious control |
origin | point of attachment of a muscle to a bone that is less movable |
pelvic girdle weakness** | weakness of the muscles of the pelvic girdle, muscular dystrophy |
skeletal muscles** | muscle that attach to the bones of the skeleton, also known striated muscle, skeletal muscles act voluntarily |
smooth muscles | muscles found in the walls of the hollow organs and tubes |
striated muscle** | muscles that have a striped appreance, skeletal and cardiac muscles are examples |
tendon | attaches to bone |
torso** | a.k.a trunk,midsection |
visceral muscle | muscles of the internal organs |
voluntary muscle | muscles that operate under conscious control |
muscular dystrophy | genetically transmitted disorders characterized by progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscle, there is no evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue |
rotator cuff tear | a tear in the muscle that form a "cuff over the upper end of the arm |
strains | injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon, resulting from overstretching,overextension, or misuse |
muscle biopsy | extraction of a specimen of muscle tissue, for the purpose of examining it under microscope |
electromyography | the process of recording the strength of the contraction of a muscle when it is stimulated by an electric current |
fibrous joint | fit closely together and are held together by fibrous connective tissue, immovable joint |
cartilaginous joint | connected by cartilage, allows limited movement |
synovial joint | lined with a synovial membrane, which secretea thick lubricating fluid called the synovial fluid |
hinge joint | movement in one direction |
ball-and-socket joint** | allows movement in many directions around a central point,ball-shaped head fits int another bone examples are the shoulder and the hip |
flexion | a bending motion |
extention | straightening motion |
abduction | movement of a bone away from the midline of the body |
adduction | movement of a bone toward the midline of the body |
rotation | movement that involves the turning of a bone on its own axis |
supination | act of turning the palm up or forward |
pronation | act of turning the palm downward or backward |
dorsiflexion | foot narrows the angle between the leg and top of the foot |
plantar flexion | the foot increases the angle between the leg and the top of the foot |
circumduction | the movement of an extremity around in a circular motion |
articular cartilage | thin layer of cartilage of protecting and covering the connective surfaces of the bones |
bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe |
bunionectomy** | surgical removal of a bunion |
bursa | small sac that contains synovial fluid around the joint where friction is most likely to oocur |
closed reduction | also known as closed manipulation |
creptation | clicking and cracking sounds heard upon joint movement |
ganglionectomy | surgical removal of a ganglion |
joint cavity | space between two connecting bones |
kyphosis | humpback |
ligaments | connective tissue bands that join bone to bone |
malaise | vague feeling of weakness |
photosensitivity** | increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight |
sciatica** | inflammtion of the sciatic nerve, marked by pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg |
subluxation** | incomplete disclocation |
suture** | immovable joint |
synovial fluid** | thick lubricating fluid in synovial joints |
synovial membrane | the lining of a synovial joint cavity |
viscous** | sticky;gelatinous |
arthritis | inflammation of joints |
dislocation | displacement of the bone from its normal location within a joint |
ganglion | cystic tumor developing a tendon |
gout | acute arthritis characterized by inflammation of the first metatarsal joint of the great toe |
herniated disk | the rupture of the central portion, also known as a ruptured disk or slipped disk |
Lyme disease | acute recurrent inflammation infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick |
osteoarthritis | denerative joint disease results from wear and tear on the joints |
rheumatiod arthritis | chronic inflammation disease that affects multiple joints of the body |
sprains | injury involving the ligaments that surround and support a joint |
systemic lupus eythematosus | chronic inflammatory connective-tissue disease affecting the skin, joints, nervous system, kidneys, lungs, and other organs |
arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint with a needle for the purpose of withdrawing fluid for analysis |
arthroplasty | process of x-ray inside of a joint |
arthoscopy | surgical reconstruction of a joint |
rhematiod factor | blood test that measure the presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases |
arthralgia** | pain in joints |