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skeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acetabulum | a socket in the pelvic bone where the thigh bone joins the pelvis |
| acromion | highest part of the shoulder where the clavicle and scapula meet |
| articulation | a joint which binds two bones together |
| liagaments | connective tissue which binds bone to bone |
| skeletal muscles | a.k.a voluntary or striated muscles which attach to the bone |
| smooth muscles | muscles found in the visceral organs and blood vessels |
| synovial joints | freely moving joints |
| tendons | connective tissue which binds muscle to bone |
| frontal bone | the frontal bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the bony cavities that contain the eyeballs |
| occipital bone | the single occipital bone forms the back of the head and the base of the skull |
| temporal bones | the two temporal bones form the lower sides and part of the base of the skull |
| mandibular bone | lower jaw bone, the largest,strongest bone of the face and only movable bone of the skull |
| lacrimal bones | the two small bones located at the inner corner of each eye forming the sidewall of the nasal cavity and the middle wall of the eye orbit |
| cervical vertebrae | neck bones c1-c7 |
| thoracic vertebrae | connect with the 12 pairs of ribs and are identified as t1-t12 |
| lumbar vertebrae | support the back and lower trunk of the body they are identified as L1-L5 |
| sacrum | attached at the pelvic girdle located below the lumbar vertebrae |
| coccyx | tailbone located at the very end of the vertebral column |
| xiphoid process | lower part of the sternum |
| humerus | upper arm bone |
| radius | lower arm bones lateral or thumb side of the arm |
| ulna | lower arm bones that is on the medial or little finger side of the arm |
| carpals | bones of the wrist |
| metacarpals | bones of the hand |
| phalanges | bones of the fingers and toes |
| ilium | largest of the three hip bones |
| iliac crest | upper curved edge of the ilium |
| ischium | lowest part of the hip bones and is the strongest of the pelvic bone |
| femur | thigh bone longest strongest and heaviest bone in the body |
| patella | knee bone or kneecap |
| tibia | larger and stronger of the lower leg bone shin bone |
| fibula | slender of the lower leg bone |
| tarsals | bones of the ankles |
| metatarsals | bones of the foot |
| condyle | knucklike projection at the end of a bone |
| diaphysis | main shaftlike portion of a bone |
| epiphyseal line | a layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone (growth plate) |
| epiphysis | the end of a bone |
| false ribs | rib pairs 8 - 10 connect to the vertebrae in the back but not to the sternum in the front |
| flat bones | bones that are broad and thin with flat or curved surfaces such as the sternum |
| floating ribs | rib pairs 11 and 12 free of any attachment in the front |
| fontanelle or fontanel | soft spot |
| foramen | hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass |
| hematopoiesis | the normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow |
| intercostal spaces | spaces between the ribs |
| intervertebral disc | a flat circular platelike structure of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the vertebrae |
| long bones | bones that are longer than they are wide (femur) |
| Ossification | formation bone |
| osteoblasts | immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue |
| periosteum | the thick white fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone |
| short bones | long as they are wide (wristbone) |
| sinus | an opening or hollow space |
| trochanter | large bony process located below the neck of the femur |
| true ribs | the first 7 pairs of ribs connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front |
| tubercle | a small rounded process of bone |
| osteoporosis | porous bones loss of bone density |
| osteomalacia | disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to deficiency of calium and phosphorus in the blood |
| osteomyelitis | infection of the bone and bone marrow resulting from a bacterial infection that has spread to to the bone tissue through the blood |
| spinal stenosis | a narrowing of the vertebral canal |
| kyphosis | humpback |
| scoliosis | an abnormal lateral (sideward) curvature of a portion of the spine |
| closed fracture | a simple fracture a break in a bone but no open wound in the skin |
| open fracture | compound fracture break in a bone as well as an open wound in the skin |
| compression fracture | caused by bone surfaces being forced against each other |
| impacted fracture | direct force causes the bone to break forcing the broken bone end of the smaller bone into the broken end of the larger bone |
| colles' fracture | lower end of the radius, within 1 inch of connecting with the wrist bones |
| hairline fracture | a.k.a stress fracture |
| fracture | broken bone sudden breaking of a bone |
| pathological fracture | a bone which is weakened by a preexisting disease |
| closed reduction | consists of aligning the bone fragments through manual manipulation or traction without making an incision into the skin |
| open reduction | consists of realigning the bone under direct observation during surgery |
| DEXA | noninvasive procedure that measures bone density Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry |
Created by:
heather1972
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