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Anatomy.Chapter.14
The Brain and Cranial Nerves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The largest part of the brain | Cerebrum |
| Controls higher mental functions | cerebrum |
| Divided into left and right hemispheres | cerebrum |
| cerebral cortex | neural cortex |
| elevated ridges | gyri |
| shallow depressions | sulci |
| deep grooves | fissures |
| second largest part of the brain | cerebellum |
| coordinates repetitive body movements | cerebellum |
| Located under cerebrum and cerebellum and links the cerebrum with the brain stem | diencephalon |
| relays and processes sensory information | thalamus |
| produces hormones, controls emotion, and uses autonomic function | hypothalamus |
| processes information between the spinal cord and cerebrum or cerebellum | the brain stem |
| the midbrain. processes sight, sound and associated reflexes | mesencephalon |
| maintains consciousness | mesencephalon |
| connects cerebellum to brain stem and is involved in somatic and viseceral motor control | pons |
| connects brain to spinal cord and relays information between them | medulla oblongata |
| how much of the body's neural tissue is contained in the brain? | 97% |
| each cerebral hemisphere contains one large... | lateral ventricle |
| ventricle of the diencephalon | third ventricle |
| ventricle that extends into the medulla oblongata and becomes continuous with central canal of the spinal cord | fourth ventricle |
| controls visceral functions | medulla oblongata |
| links cerebellum with mesencephalon, diencephalon, cerebrum, and spinal cord | pons |
| adjusts postural muscles and fine-tunes conscious and subconscious movements | cerebellum |
| damage from trauma, stroke, or intoxication. disturbs muscle coordination | ataxia |
| found in posterior epithalamus and secretes melatonin | pineal gland |
| secretes antidiuretic and oxytocin hormone | hypothalamus |
| process offactory and other sensory information. controls reflex eating movement | mamillary bodies |