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Pathology Ch. 3
Reversible cellular changes and accumulations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are three ways that abnormal cellular accumulation can happen? | 1. Abnormal metabolism (fatty LV) 2. Def of critical enzymes t breakdown substances (accumulates in lysosomes) 3. Inability to degrade phagocytosed particles (carbon pigment accumulation) |
| Where is fatty change most often seen? | the Liver |
| What is the most common etiology of accumulation in the Liver? | Alcohol |
| What is the pathogenesis of lipid accumulation in the Liver? | 1. Increased synthesis of triglycerides 2. Decreased mobilization of triglycerides (protein malnutrition) |
| What would a liver with lipid accumulation look like to the naked eye? | enlarged, yellow, and greasy |
| What is the etiology of lipid accumulation in the heart? | prolonged hypoxia; toxic myocardia |
| What would a heart look like with accumulation to the naked eye? | soft, flabby; yellow bands alternating w/ normal red brown uninvolved bands |
| In atherosclerosis cholesterol accumulates where? | Smooth muscle cells and macrophages |
| In hyperlipidemia cholesterol accumulates where? | sub epithelial connective tissue--> yellowish plaque; commonly around the eyes |
| In foci of cell injury lipid debris are what? | Phagocytosed--> lipid-laden macrophages (foam) |