Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Circulatory System
Stack #71694
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood Transports oxygen and nutrients TO the body cells Transports carbon dioxide and metabolic materials AWAY from the body cells |
| Heart | oMuscular, hallow organ functions as pump oSize of a closed fist oLocation- behind the sternum, tilted to the left |
| Endocardium | inside layer (smooth) |
| Myocardium | middle layer (muscle) |
| Pericardium | outer covering; double layer membrane (lubricates) |
| Septum | middle separating wall |
| Heart Chambers | •Upper chambers- atrium (left & right) •Lower chambers- ventricles (right & left) |
| Valves | prevent backflow of blood |
| Tricuspid | (right) between atrium/ventricle |
| Pulmonary | between right ventricle & pulmonary artery /ventricle |
| Mitral | (left) between atrium/ventricle |
| Aortic | between left ventricle and aorta |
| Blood Vessels | blood carried throughout body) |
| Arteries | carry blood AWAY from heart |
| Arterioles | smallest branches of arteries |
| Capillaries | smallest branches of arteries |
| Veins | carry blood TO heart |
| Venules | smallest branches of veins |
| Pathway of Blood thru Heart/Body | Inferior/superior vena Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right Ventricle Pulmonary Valve Pulmonary Arteries Lungs Pulmonary veins Left atrium Mitral valve Left Ventricle Aortic valve Aorta Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Body cells-Venules-Vein |
| Systoles | period of contraction (ventricles) |
| Diastole | period of rest (ventricle) |
| Conductive Pathways | oElectrical impulses originating in the heart cause cyclic contraction of cardiac muscle oRecordings (EKG/ECG) can detect disease and abnormal activity |
| Abnormal Conductive Pathways | oArrhythmias- interference with normal electrical conduction pattern of heart = abnormal heart rhythms |
| Purkinje fibers | network of nerve fibers throughout ventricles; causing all muscle tissue in ventricles to contract |
| Sinoartrial (SA) node (pacemaker) | Sends electrical impulse that spread out over the muscles in atria |
| Atrial muscles | contract and push blood into ventricles |
| Arioventricluar (AV) node | electrical impulse sent to AV node- located between atrium and ventricle |
| Bundle of His | receive impulse from AV node- located in septum; right & left bundle branches |
| Right Bundle Branch | send impulses to ventricle |
| Left Bundle Brance | send impulses to ventricle |
| Average adult Blood | 4-6 quarts |
| Blood | Transports many substances; solid elements |
| Plasma | fluid (55% of total blood composition- and is 90% water) |
| Erythrocytes or red blood cells | live about 120 days Hemoglobin Gives blood red color •Carries oxygen, iron, carbon dioxide |
| Leukocytes | WBC’s- not as numerous as RBC’s Formed in bone marrow & lymph tissue Live about 3-9 days Can pass thru capillary wall and enter tissue |
| Phagocytosis | engulfing, ingesting or destroying pathogens |
| Main function of Leukocytes | fight infection |
| Neutrophils | phagocytize bacteria by secreting lysozyme (enzyme) |
| Eosinophils | remove toxins and defend body from allergic reaction by producing antihistamines |
| Basophils | oInflammatory response oProduce histamine oVasodiliation oProduction of Heparin (anticoagulant) |
| Monocytes | phagocytize bacteria and foreign materials |
| Lymphocytes | oProvide immunity for body developing antibodies oProtect against formation of cancer cells |
| Thrombocytes | Clot blood |
| Anemia | decrease in red blood cells(RBC), hgb or both |
| Aplastic Anemia | result of injury or destruction of bone marrow, chemotherapy |
| Pernicious Anemia | caused by the lack of intrinsic factor(need in order to absorb B12), causing large blood cells |
| Sickle Cell Anemia | inherited condition, chronic, results in abnormal crescent shaped RBC’s |
| Anemia Symptoms | pale, fatigue, respirations increase, heart rate increases |
| Anemia Cause | not making enough blood cells, or losing blood |
| Anemia Treatment | iron supplements, transfusions |
| Aneurysm | ballooning out of an artery wall |
| Aneurysm Symptoms | none (people with high BP are usually more prone) |
| Aneurysm Causes | the artery wall becomes stretched because of the ballooning and it becomes weak |
| Arteriosclerosis | hardening/thickening of artery wall |
| Atherosclerosis | fatty plaques on artery walls |
| Atherosclerosis Treatment | Angioplasty (used to remove/compress deposits or insert stent to allow blood flow) |
| Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) | heart muscle doesn’t beat adequately to supply blood needs of body |
| CHF Symptoms | cyanosis, shortness of breath(dyspnea), pale, edema (excess fluid) |
| CHF Causes | heart attack, hypertension |
| CHF Treatment | diuretics, oxygen, bed rest, low sodium |
| Embolus | foreign substance circulating in blood stream (air, fat, bacteria, etc.) |
| Hemophilia | inherited disease, usually occurs in males, blood does not clot |
| Hypertension | high blood pressure |
| Hypertension Risk Factors | Obesity, race, smoking, aging |
| Hypertension Treatment | antihypertensive meds, diuretics, limit stress, no tobacco, low sodium diet |
| Hypertension left untreated | congestive heart failure, stroke, heart attack |
| Leukemia | malignant disease of bone marrow or lymph tissue. Results in high number of immature white blood cells(WBC) |
| Leukemia Symptoms | fatigue, pallor, fever, anemia excessive bruising, joint pain |
| Leukemia Treatment | chemo, radiation, bone marrow transplant |
| Myocardial Infarction | heart attack; occurs when coronary arteries cuts off blood supply to heart; death of heart muscle/tissue |
| Myocardial Infarction Symptoms | severe crushing pain (angina pectoris) radiating to arm, neck, and jaw; pressure in chest, perspiration and cold, clammy skin; dyspnea, change in blood pressure; death may occur |
| Myocardial Infarction Treatment | clot busting drugs, bed rest, Oxygen, pain meds, anticoagulants, meds to control arrhythmias, diet, weight control, avoid tobacco & stress |
| Phlebitis | inflammation of vein |
| Varicose Veins | dilated, swollen veins that have lost elasticity; cause stasis (decreased blood flow) |
| Thrombophlebitis | inflammation of vein with clot formation |
Created by:
elizabeth265
Popular Anatomy sets