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microexam 2
microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is flagellum and what is it’s function? | They are long thread like projections hanging from the cell membrane or capsule providing motility. |
| what is a spore and what is it’s function? | - Spores are protective coating that covers the cell and bacteria so nothing can enter or leave |
| ) What genera of bacteria forms spores? And why are they dangerous - | Only rod shaped bacillus bacteria form spores and dangerous because they cause toxins and are hard to kill. |
| What does pathogenic bacterium have that nonpathogenic bacterium usually does not have? | Pathogenic bacteria are encapsulated and nonpathogenic is not. |
| Name a disease caused by: Spherical bacteria in clusters | Staphylococci/ abscess and boil |
| Name a disease caused by: Spherical bacteria in chains | Streptococcus pyogenes/ sore throats, scarlet fever |
| Name a disease caused by Spherical bacteria in pairs | Diplococci/ gonorrhea, meningitis and pneumonia |
| Name a disease cause by Spiral shaped bacteria | spirilla/ Syphilis, rat bite fever, Asiatic cholera |
| Name a disease caused by Rod shaped bacteria. | Bacilli/ tetanus, diphtheria typhoid fever and TB |
| bacillus | rod shaped bacteria |
| bacterial chromosom | structure within, contains DNA |
| capsule | sticky covering secreted by bacteria |
| cell wall | structure found surrounding cells |
| coccus | spherical bacteria |
| diplobacillis | two bacilli joined together end to end |
| diplococci | spherical or coffee bean shaped cocci in pairs |
| flagellum | flexible whip like structures |
| micrococcus tetrogenous | gram positive coccus found in soil or air also sputum of TB patients |
| micrometer | special unit of measurement (micron) |
| what precaution must be taken when killing bacterial cells that have spores? | Requires strict and longer sterilization procedures ( time and temp) |
| Streptococci are found in _______ arrangements | CHAINS |
| Staphylococci are found in_____ arrangements | CLUSTERS |
| Sarcina are found in_____ arrangements | CUBOIDAL |
| motile bacterium contain___ | FLAGELLA |
| encapsulated bacteria are more____ then noncapsulated | VIRULENT |
| Spore forming bacteria can withstand harsh environmental conditions, therefore are more_____ than most. | RESISTANT |
| nucleoid | small area in a cell where genetic material is found |
| saprophyte | organism that obtain food from dead or decaying |
| sarcina lutea | nonpathogenic species of sarcina |
| slime layer | sticky covering secreted by bacteria |
| spirilla | spiral shaped bacteria |
| spores | resistant, resting stage that allows the bacteria to withstand harsh environmental until favorable conditions are again present. they are resistant to heat, drying and toxic chemical |
| staphylococci | spherical shaped gram positive in clusters |
| staphylococcus aureus | gram positive anaerobic coccus, appears is clusters |
| strepobacilli | rod shaped bacillus forming chains |
| streptococci | spherical gram positive bacteria arraigned in chains and pairs |
| streptococcus | pyrogens gram positive facultative aerobic coccus in pairs or chains |
| tetrad | group of four |
| virulence | disease producing ability |
| where are microorganisms found? | everywhere,except sterile places |
| what are single celled animals called | -Protozoa are singled celled |
| what are simple plants called. | Algae unicellular |
| explains the chief difference between bacteria and protozoa. - | Protozoa are simple animal cell and bacteria are simple plant cell |
| name two diseases caused by viruses | -polio, chicken pox and small pox |
| named the diseases caused by bacteria. | -TB, anthrax and tetanus. |
| name two diseases caused by a protozoa. | -yellow fever and toxoplasmosis |
| Linnaeus developed the classification system that used | binomial nomenclature |
| branch of biology that deals with classification | -B Taxonomy |
| the most closely related group of organisms is called a (n) | species |
| ) The latin classification for humans is Homo sapens which is the | genus and family |
| The correct arrangement of the following groups from the highest to the lowest | 1class 2family 3phylum 4order 5genus 6species. |
| The kingdoms containing organisms that are neither plants nor animals is | -B Protists |
| two organisms are in the same species if they | -A can mate and produce fertile offspring |
| which of the following are recognized groups of kingdoms | E both a and d A) plants animals protest d) plants animals fungi protists monera |
| Yeast like fungi include | histoplasma, candida, cryptococcus |
| the common thrush infection is caused by | -Candida albicans |
Created by:
jmeo04
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