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family dynamics
vulnerable child abuse discipline developmental screening
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| define family dynamics | family health and other components (relationship,etc) that guide interaction, growth and development of the family |
| concept of social attachment described by Bowlby 1969 | earliest bonds between child and caregiver impact one's life tremendously; when mothers respond to infant's needs, a sense of security is established |
| research demonstrated re: attachment theory | failure to form early attachments has negative impact on later childhood and life |
| variations in family dynamics attributed to | culture, genetic background, economic state, child's temperament |
| 4 types of childhood temperament | easy, slow to warm up, difficult, intermediate |
| vulnerable child syndrome defined by Green & Solnit 1964 | refers to parent-child relationship & parent's perception of child's illness |
| physical characteristics that make children vulnerable to injury (skin, genital tissue, bones, brain & skull) | skin-less elastin & collagen fibers, more fluid & permeability genital tissues-distensible & heals rapidly; cervix prone to infection bones-not calcified until 20 yrs; more flexible & absorb more impact-buckle/torsion fracture brain-no myelin, pliable |
| infants & types of injury | roll off- after 4 months burns-after 6 months injuries from cruising/walking-after 9 months |
| infant milestones | 2 months-follow object to midline, lift head 4 months-roll from stomach to back 6 months-babble, reach, grasph 9 months-pull self to stand, creeping 12 months-cruising |
| toddler milestone | 15 months-2-3 words vocabulary 18 months- scribbling 2 years-climbing stairs one at a time, stand from squat position 3 years-kick a ball |
| toddler & type of injury | burns toddler's fracture-tibia; due to falling off a slide or step |
| preschool age milestones | becoming aware of gender, functional in self care activities, climbing stairs using alternating feet, riding a tricycle |
| preschool age children and injury | biking/skating injuries & sport injuries are common |
| earliest indicators of abuse in child | behavioral changes- young children-sleep problems, toilet training difficulties, aggression older children-phobia, school problems, promiscuity, depression |
| injuries common to physical abuse | soft tissue injuries, bruises, burns, bite marks, fractures, impact injuries to mouth, abdomen, brain injuries |
| shaken baby syndrome | type of abuse seen in children younger than 2 that results in 2/3 of them being severely injured or dead; see retinal bleed, posterior rib fractures, skull fractures, vomiting, |
| types of neglect | failure to thrive, medical neglect, educational neglect |
| risk factors/cues neglect | poor parenting/problem solving skill, poor support system, parent has disability, poverty see signs of attachment failure |
| emotional abuse examples | rejecting/ignoring, isolating, terrorizing, corrupting, verbally assaulting |
| 3 hallmark physical findings in sexual abuse | vaginal/anal distention along with decreased sphincter tone,fissures or scarring, STD in child older than 1 |
| 3 components of discipline | supportive /nurturing relationship, positive reinforcement technique to increase desirable behaviors, removal of reinforcement/punishment to reduce or eliminate undesirable behaviors |
| parenting styles | authoritarian, democratic, indulgent, indifferent |
| maturation vs. growth vs. development | maturation-cell changes growth-physical change in height, weight,etc development-physical, psychosocial, intellectual change |
| areas of development that are monitored via screenings | perceptual/fine motor skills, gross motor skills, cognitive & language skills, social/emotional skills |
| developmental screening administered by parent | ASQSE-ages and stages questionniare social emotional; 5 years BITSEA-brief infant and toddler social and emotional assessment CBCL-child behavior checklist; from 2 to 20 years PEDS-parents evaluation of developmental status; birth to 8 years |
| developmental screening administered by child | CRAFFT-car, relax, alone, forget, friends, trouble; ages 14-18 PHQ9-patient health questionnaire; ages 18-20 PSC-pediatric symptom checklist; ages 4-16 |
| Denver Development Screening Tool | administered by HCP for childre 1 month to 6 years |
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