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CIRCULATORY Basic 1

Blood

QUESTIONANSWER
HEMATOCRIT (HCT) ? Percentage of Formed Elements in the Blood, Primarily Red Blood Cells.
HEMATOCRIT (HCT) Normal Count ? 45 %
Pints of Blood in a Human Body ? Around 10
Blood is a CONNECTIVE TISSUE. True or False ? TRUE. The only Fluid part of Blood is Plasma, the rest are Formed Elements.
Formed Elements of Blood ? Red Cells, White Cells & Platelets.
What is the % of Water in Plasma ? 92 %
The 8 % of PLASMA that is not Water is ? Proteins, Salt Molecules, Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide Gases, Nutrients (Glucose, Fats & amino Acids), Waste Products, Hormones, Vitamins & Clotting Factors.
PLASMA PROTEINS are Created in the ? LIVER
3 types of PLASMA PROTEINS are ? ALBUMIN, FIBRINOGEN & IMMUNOGLOBULIN.
Plasma Protein ALBUMIN ? Smallest & most Abundant Protein. Albumin Maintains the Proper OSMETIC Pressure in the Blood Stream.
Plasma Protein Albumin, OSMETIC Pressure ? OSMOSIS - The Correct Osmetic Pressure in the Blood Stream ensures that a good Balance exists between Solutes (Particles) & Solution (Liquid), Which helps to Maintain the Proper PH Levels.
Plasma Protein Albumin OSMOSIS ? Osmosis is the action of Water following Solutes. the Albumin, along with certain Electrolytes floating in the Plasma (such as Sodium & Potassium Ions), act as Solutes, & water moves from the Body's Tissues into the Blood.
Plasma Protein Albumin PH ? The Measure of ACIDITY or ALKALINITY based on the Concentrations of HYDROGEN IONS in a Solution.
Plasma Protein FIBRINOGEN ? During the Process of CLOT formation, Fibrinogen is Converted into Threads of FIBRIN, Which then Form a Meshlike Structure that Traps Blood cells to form a Clot.
Plasma Protein IMMUNOGLOBULIN ? Another word for ANTIBODY.
Plasma Protein IMMUNOGLOBULIN are Created in Response to ? An Invading MICROBE, Whether it's a Virus or Bacteria.
Plasma Protein IMMUNOGLOBULIN, What happens when a Microbe Invades ? Immunoglobins are formed as the Immune System fights of the Microbe. The Immunoglobins Continue to Circulate in the Blood incase of a return of the same Invading Microbe.
RED Blood Cells (RBC's) are otherwise known as ? ERYTHRO CYTES
ERYTHRO CYTES, What is Different about RBC's Compaired to other Cells ? NUCLEI
ERYTHRO CYTES. What is Their Function ? Carry Oxygen to Tissues & Return Co2 to LUNGS
ERYTHRO CYTES, How Long is their life span ? Around 120 days.
ERYTHRO CYTES, The Heamoglobin in RBC's is Made up of ? A Protein Formed of from a Globin Molecule & 4 Molecules of Heam, Which Contain IRON.
ERYTHRO CYTES. IRON in Heamoglobin Allows ? The Iron in Heamoglobin Binds Oxygen so that Hemoglobin can Carry it Through the Blood.
ERYTHRO CYTES, What Happens when Oxygen Binds to Heamoglobin ? The Compound OxyHemoglobin is formed.
ERYTHRO CYTES, Oxyhemoglobin ? Is Bright RED & Provides the Colour you see in Blood coming from Arteries.
ERYTHRO CYTES, What happens when Oxyhemoglobin Releases Oxygen ? The Remaining Compound is DeOxyHemoglobin.
ERYTHRO CYTES Deoxyhemoglobin ? This Substance has a Deep Purple Colour, which is why Veins look Blue.
ERYTHRO CYTES, Made Where ? Red Bone MARROW.
ERYTHRO CYTES, What Happens to RBC's when they DIE ? A PHAGOCYTE Engulfs "Eats" it.
ERYTHRO CYTES, PHAGOCYTE ? A Large Cell that Engulfs Cellular Debris & Carries it to where it can be Removed from the Body.
ERYTHRO CYTES, Where does the PHAGOCYTE Carry the Dead RBC's to be DESTROYED ? To the LIVER or SPLEEN
ERYTHRO CYTES, how Many RBC's are Destroyed in the Liver a SECOND ? Around 2.5 MILLION
ERYTHRO CYTES, What Happens to the Heamoglobin after the Liver has Broken it Down ? It's Released & Broken into Protiens, Globin & Heam, The IRON is Extracted from the Heam & is Recycled back to the Red Bone Marrow to be put into Newly Developing RBC's.
WHITE Blood Cells (WBC's) are otherwise known as ? LEUCO CYTES
LEUCO CYTES, What do they contain ? Antibodies.
LEUCO CYTES, What is their Function ? Protect from INFECTION, Ingest BACTERIA, Produce ANTIBODIES.
LEUCO CYTES Are Larger than a Red Blood Cell True or False ? TRUE & their arn't as many either.
LEUCO CYTES, Name the 2 Main types ? GRANULAR & AGRANULAR Leuco Cytes.
LEUCO CYTES, Granular ? Are BAS-OPHILIS, EOSIN-OPHILIS & NEUTR-OHILIS, Which are called Granular Leukocytes because they have Tiny Protein Particles that Prominently Surround their NUCLEI.
LEUCO CYTES, Agranular ? Although these WBC's do have the Protein Particles Around their NUCLEI, they arn't as Obvious
LEUCO CYTES Protein Particles Contain ? Enzymes & other Substances that act as Natural Antibiotics that help to Kill Bacteria & Viruses.
LEUCO CYTES, White Blood Cells also Exist Where ? In Tissue Fluid that Surrounds Cells & Lymph.
LEUCO CYTES, Granular EOSIN-OPHILIS Function ? Numbers Increase durin Allergic Reactions & Parasitic Infections.
LEUCO CYTES, Granular, NEUTR-OPHILIS Function ? 1st to Respond to Infections; they Phagocytize (Eat & Discard) Bacteria & Cellular Debris.
LEUCO CYTES, Granular BASE-OPHILIS Function ? Seep out of Blood Vessels Into Tissues at Site of Injury; Release Histamine to Dilate blood Vessels in area (allowing more Oxygen, Nutrients & Immune cells to get to Injured Tissues & Speed Repair.
LEUCO CYTES, Agranular B LYMPH-OCYTES Function ? Form Antibodies used to Fight Infections.
LEUCO CYTES, Agranular T LYMPH-OCYTES Function ? T Cells help to keep you Healthy by Destroying Cells that Contain Foreign Material, Referred to as Antigens.
LEUCO CYTES, Agranular MON-OCYTES Function ? Largest of the WBC's; Mature into Macrophages, Cells of the Immune System that Engulf Disease-causing Microbes & Spur other WBC's into Action.
PLATELETS ? Tiny Pieces of Cells
PLATELETS Come From ? MEGA-KARY-OCYTES
MEGAKARYOCYTES Are ? Large Cells that exist in the Red Bone Marrow which Break into Fragments which are the Platelets.
PLATELETS Function is to ? Begin the CLOTTING Process & Plug up Injured Blood Vessels.
PLATELETS Live for ? Around 10 days.
PLATELETS Otherwise Known as ? THROMBOCYTE
The Process that Makes Red Blood Cells in the Red Bone Marrow is Called ? HEMATOPOIESIS
Blood is Made in the Red Bone Marrow of the ? Vertebrae, Ribs, Skull & at the ends of Long Bones.
What is Used to form Red Blood Cells in Red Bone Marrow ? STEM CELLS
A Stem Cell is MULTIPOTENT Because ? It has the Potential to Become Many Different Types of Cell.
Forming a Red Blood Cell, Stem Cell Divides into ? A Stem cell in the Red Marrow Divides into 2 MYELOID Stem Cells,Which go on to Become a B or T Lymphocyte or it can Differentiate into a Erythroblast, Megakaryoblast or Myeoblast.
Forming a Blood Cell, Erythroblast Matures Into ? An Erythrocyte, a RBC.
Forming a Blood Cell, A Megakaryoblast Matures into ? An Megokaryocyte, which Fragments into Platelets.
Forming a Blood Cell, Myeloblast can Differentiate Into ? Any 1 of the 4 Types of White Blood Cell, Baseophilis, Eosinophilis, Neutrophilis or Monocytes.
Forming a Blood Cell, What Happens to the Blood Cells after they have Matured in the Bones ? They Enter the Circulatory System, which then Transports them around the Body.
Blood Cells are also a part of which other systems ? Respiratory, Digestive & Immune
What Blood Cells do to help RESPIRATION ? Transport Oxygen from the lungs to every other Cell in the Body.
What Blood Cells do to help DIGESTION ? Carry Nutrients derived from eaten foods to all Cells in the Body.
What Blood Cells do to help EXCREATION & URINATION ? Carry wastes disposed of by cells that filter the Blood to Remove Wastes.
What Blood Cells do to help, IMMUNE ? Transport the Cells that fight off Organisms that Invade the Body.
Normal Blood Glucose level ? 0.1 % Insulin helps maintain the Blood Glucose Level.
Normal Blood Pressure ? 120/80 Millimeteres.
Normal Blood Temp ? 98.6 Degrees Farrenheit.
Normal Blood PH ? 7.4.
Created by: Grendeloak
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