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Otenasek chapter 1
Western Civ II chapter 1 The Enlightenment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Thomas Hobbes | English philosopher and political theorist, one of the first modern Western thinkers to provide a secular justification for the political state. He advocated the need for a king to control society. He likened humans to animals in their basic state. |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | French philosopher, social and political theorist, musician, botanist, and one of the most eloquent writers of the Age of Enlightenment. |
| Mary Wollstonecraft | She became a member of an intellectual group that included the English poet and pleads for equality of education and opportunity between the sexes. |
| John Locke | English philosopher, who founded the school of empiricism. |
| Isaac Newton | Newton formulated laws of universal gravitation and motion—laws that explain how objects move on Earth as well as through the heavens. He established the modern study of optics—or the behavior of light—and built the first reflecting telescope. |
| René Descartes | French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician, sometimes called the father of modern philosophy. |
| Francis Bacon | English philosopher and statesman, one of the pioneers of modern scientific thought. |
| Johannes Kepler | German astronomer and natural philosopher, noted for formulating and verifying the three laws of planetary motion. These laws are now known as Kepler's laws. |
| Galileo | he discovered the laws of falling bodies and the motions of projectiles. In the history of culture, Galileo stands as a symbol of the battle against authority for freedom of inquiry. |
| progress | Movement, as toward a goa |
| deism | in the philosophy of religion is the standpoint that reason and observation of the natural world, without the need for organized religion |
| tolerance | or toleration is the practice of permitting a thing of which one disapproves, such as social, ethnic, sexual, or religious practices. |
| The Vindication of the Rights of Woman | British femisit Mary Wollstonecraft, is one of the earliest works of femisty philoshiphy . In it, Wollstonecraft responds to those educational and political theorists of the 18th century who did not believe women should have an education. |
| The Social Contract | is an intellectual device intended to explain the appropriate relationship between individuals and their governments. Social contract arguments assert that individuals unite into political societies by a process of mutual consent, |
| The scientific Revolution | which new ideas and knowledge in physics,astronomy, biology,medicineand chemestrytransformed medieval and ancient views of nature and laid the foundations for modern science. |
| The age of Enlightenment | The movement claimed the allegiance of a majority of thinkers during the 17th and 18th centuries, a period that Thomas Paine called the Age of Reason. At its heart it became a conflict between religion and the inquiring mind |
| General Wil | is constructed by the people who in turn obey it as citizens. The separate wills, rights and desires of each member of a society brought together as a single unit is the General Will. |
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otenric14
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