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The Skeletal System!

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM CHAPTER 6

QuestionAnswer
Acetabulum a socket in the pelvic bone where the thigh bone joins the pelvis
Acromion highest part of the shoulder where the clavical and scapula meet
Articulation a join which binds two bones together
Ligaments connective tissue whichs binds bone to bone
Skeletal Muscles a.k.a. voluntary or striated muscles which attach to the bone
Smooth Muscles muscles found in visceral organs and blood vessels
Synovial Joints freely moving joints
Tendons connective tissue which binds muscle to bone
Frontal Bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the bony cavities that contain the eyeballs.
Occipital Bone forms the back of the head and the base of the skull. contains the foramen magnum, through which the spinal cord passes.
Temporal Bones form the lower sides and part of the base of the skull. Contain the middle and inner ear structures.
Mandibular Bone lower jaw bone. it is the largest, strongest bone of the face and is the only movable bone of the skull.
Lacrimal Bones paper thin and shaped somewhat like a fingernail. located at the inner corner of each eye, forming the sidewall of the nasal cavity adn the middle wall of the eye orbit.
Cervical Vertebrae Neck. Consists of the first seven bones of the vertebral column.
Thoracic Vertebrae Chest. Connect with the 12 pairs of ribs.
Lumbar Vertebrae support the back and lower trunk of the body.
Sacrum single triangular shaped bone that resulted from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child.
Coccyx the tail bone. single bone that resulted from the fusion of 4 individual coccygeal bones in the child.
Xiphoid process lower portion of the sternum.
Humerus upper arm bone. joins the scapula above and the radius and ulna below.
Radius one of the 2 lower arm bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bone below. its on the lateral or thumb side of the arm.
Ulna 2nd of the 2 lower arms bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bones below. it's on the medial, or little finger, side of the arm.
Carpals bones of the wrist. each wrist has 8 carpal bones.
Metacarpals bones of the hand.
Phalanges bones of the fingers.
Ilium largest of the 3 hip bones. upper flared portion of the hip bones.
Iliac Crest upper curved edge of the ilium.
Ischium lowest part of the hip bones and is the strongest of the pelvic bones.
Femur thigh bone. it's the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone of the body.
Patella knee bone or kneecap. it's the largest sesamoid bone in the body. protects and covers the knee joint.
Tibia shin bone. larger and stronger of the 2 lower leg bones. located on the great toe side of the lower leg.
Acetabulum a socket in the pelvic bone where the thigh bone joins the pelvis
Acromion highest part of the shoulder where the clavical and scapula meet
Articulation a join which binds two bones together
Ligaments connective tissue whichs binds bone to bone
Skeletal Muscles a.k.a. voluntary or striated muscles which attach to the bone
Smooth Muscles muscles found in visceral organs and blood vessels
Synovial Joints freely moving joints
Tendons connective tissue which binds muscle to bone
Frontal Bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the bony cavities that contain the eyeballs.
Occipital Bone forms the back of the head and the base of the skull. contains the foramen magnum, through which the spinal cord passes.
Temporal Bones form the lower sides and part of the base of the skull. Contain the middle and inner ear structures.
Mandibular Bone lower jaw bone. it is the largest, strongest bone of the face and is the only movable bone of the skull.
Lacrimal Bones paper thin and shaped somewhat like a fingernail. located at the inner corner of each eye, forming the sidewall of the nasal cavity adn the middle wall of the eye orbit.
Cervical Vertebrae Neck. Consists of the first seven bones of the vertebral column.
Thoracic Vertebrae Chest. Connect with the 12 pairs of ribs.
Lumbar Vertebrae support the back and lower trunk of the body.
Sacrum single triangular shaped bone that resulted from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child.
Coccyx the tail bone. single bone that resulted from the fusion of 4 individual coccygeal bones in the child.
Xiphoid process lower portion of the sternum.
Humerus upper arm bone. joins the scapula above and the radius and ulna below.
Radius one of the 2 lower arm bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bone below. its on the lateral or thumb side of the arm.
Ulna 2nd of the 2 lower arms bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bones below. it's on the medial, or little finger, side of the arm.
Carpals bones of the wrist. each wrist has 8 carpal bones.
Metacarpals bones of the hand.
Phalanges bones of the fingers.
Ilium largest of the 3 hip bones. upper flared portion of the hip bones.
Iliac Crest upper curved edge of the ilium.
Ischium lowest part of the hip bones and is the strongest of the pelvic bones.
Femur thigh bone. it's the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone of the body.
Patella knee bone or kneecap. it's the largest sesamoid bone in the body. protects and covers the knee joint.
Tibia shin bone. larger and stronger of the 2 lower leg bones. located on the big toe side of the lower leg.
Fibula more slender of the 2 lower leg bones and is lateral to the tibia.
Tarsals bones of the ankle.
Metatarsals bones of the foot.
Condyle knucklike projection at the end of a bone.
Diaphysis main shaftlike portion of a bone.
Epiphyseal line a layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone; also known as the epiphyseal plate.
Epiphysis the end of a bone.
False Ribs rib pairs 8 through 10, which connect to the vertebrae in teh back but not to the sternum in the front because they join the seventh rib in the front.
Flat bones bones that are broad and thin with flat or curved surfaces, such as the sternum.
Floating Ribs rib pairs 11 and 12, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of any attachment in the front.
Fontanelle or Fontanel space between the bones of an infant's cranium; "soft spot."
Foramen hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass.
Hematopoiesis the normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow.
Intercostal Spaces spaces between the ribs.
Intervertebral Disc a falt, circular platelike structure of cartilage that seres as a cushion (or shock absorber) between the vertebrae.
Long Bones bones that are longer than they are wide & with distinctive shaped ends, such as the femur.
Ossification the conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone.
Osteoblasts immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue
Osteocytes mature bone cells.
Periosteum thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone.
Short Bones bones that are about as long as they are wide and somewhat box-shaped, such as the wrist bone.
Sinus an opening or hollow space in a bone; a cavity within a bone.
Sulcus a groove or depression in a bone; a fissure.
Sutures immovable joints, such as those of the cranium.
Trochanter large bony process located below the neck of the femur.
True Ribs the first seven pairs of ribs, which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front.
Tubercle A small rounded process of a bone.
Osteoporosis porous bones; that is, bones that were once strong become fragile due to loss of bone density.
Osteomalacia disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to a deficiency of calcium and phosporus in the blood.
Osteomyelitis is a local or generalized infection of the bone and bone marrow, resulting from a bacterial infection that has spread to the bone tissue through the blood.
Spinal Stenosis narrowing of the vertebral canal, nerve root canals, or intervertebral foramini (openings) of the lumbar spinal canal.
Kyphosis is an abnormal outward curvature of a portion of the spine, commonly known as hunchback or humpback.
Scoliosis abnormal lateral (sideward) curvature of a portion of the spine.
Closed Fracture simple fracture. a break in a bone but no open wound in the skin.
Open Fracture compound fracture. a break in a bone, as well as an open wound in the skin.
Compression Fracture caused by bone surfaces being forced against each other, as in the compression of one vertebra against another.
Impacted Fracture occurs when a direct force causes the bone to break, forcing the broken end of the small bone into the broken end of the larger bone.
Colles' Fracture occurs at the lower end of the radius, within 1 inch of connecting with the wrist bones.
Hairline Fracture A.K.A. Stress Fracture minor fracture in which the bone continues to be in perfect alignment.
Pathological Fracture occurs when a bone, which is weakened by a preexisting disease, breaks in response to a force that would not cause a normal bone to break.
Closed Reduction consists of aligning the bone fragments through manual manipulation or traction, without making an incision into the skin.
Open Reduction consists of realigning of the bone under direct observation during surgery.
DEXA Scan a noninvasive procedure that measures bone density.
Created by: kmariemurray
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