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LEED 2009 - SS - 1
Sustainable Sites (Group 1)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| SS Gen - What are the two SS prerequisites? Which one only applies to schools? | Construction Activity Pollution Prevention and Environmental Site Assessment (ESA for Schools only) |
| SS Pre 1 - What guidelines must an erosion and sediment control plan conform to? | 2003 EPA Construction General Permit or local codes and standards, whichever is more stringent. |
| SS Pre 1 - Name the 4 related credits to SS PreReq 1, "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention." | SS Credits 5.1 and 5.2 (Site Development) and SS Credits 6.1 and 6.2 (Stormwater Design) |
| SS Pre 1 - Name 4 types of structural control for controlling erosion and sedimentation. | Earth dike, silt fence, sediment trap, sediment basin. |
| SS Pre 1 - What should be considered in an ongoing maintenance plan to prevent future or recurring erosion? (4) | The effects of storms and traffic, ongoing visual inspection, replacing dead/dying vegetation, and constructing direct paths for vehicle and foot traffic. |
| SS Pre 1 - What are the three main goals of SS PreReq 1, "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention"? | To prevent soil erosion due to stormwater runoff and wind, to prevent sedimentation of storm sewers or receiving streams, and to prevent air pollution with dust or particulate matter. |
| SS Pre 1 - For SS PreReq 1, "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention," how may topsoil be protected? | By stockpiling for future reuse. |
| SS Pre 1 - What does the EPA Construction General Permit comply with? | Phases 1 and 2 of the NPDES (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System). Note that the EPA only applies this to sites larger than 1 acres, but LEED applies it to all sites regardless of size. |
| SS Pre 1 - Name three strategies for stabilizing soils. | Temporary seeding, permanent seeding, and mulching. |
| SS Pre 1 - What is the difference between a sediment trap and a sediment basin? | A sediment basin has a controlled water release structure. |
| SS Pre 1 - What calculations are required for SS PreReq 1, "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention"? | None. |
| SS Pre 1 - What two types of documentation are required for SS PreReq 1, "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention"? | An erosion and sedimentation control plan (either written or drawings) and implementation documentation (photos, reports, inspection logs, etc.) |
| SS Pre 1 - Is SS PreReq 1, "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention", eligible for an exemplary performance credit under the ID (Innovation in Design) section? | No. |
| SS Pre 1 - Define Eutrophication. | The increase in chemical nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in an ecosystem. Added nutrients stimulate excessive plan growth and algal blooms, reducing oxygen in the land and water, and reducing water quality and animal populations. |
| SS Pre 1 - Define stormwater runoff. | All precipitation that leaves project site boundaries on the land surface. |
| SS Pre 2 - What does in-situ remediation involve? | Treating contaminants in place with injection wells, reactive trenches, or other technologies that take advantage of the natural hydraulic gradient of groundwater, minimizing disturbance of the site. |
| SS Pre 2 - What is the intent of SS PreReq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment"? | To check for environmental contamination, and, if present, to remediate contamination to protect children's health. |
| SS Pre 2 - What must be done to meet SS PreReq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment"? | Conduct a Phase 1 ESA, and if contamination is present, conduct a Phase 2 ESA. If a site is contaminated, it must be remediated to meet local or federal EPA residential standards, whichever are most stringent. |
| SS Pre 2 - Name the (1) related credit to SS PreReq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment." | SS Credit 3 - Brownfield Redevelopment |
| SS Pre 2 - Name four strategies for remediating environmentally contaminated sites. | Pump-and-treat, bioreactors, land farming, and in-situ remediation. |
| SS Pre 2 - What standards should be followed for brownfield remediation? Why? | EPA Region 9 cleanup standards, because they are set at the most appropriate level for protecting childrens' health and safety. |
| SS Pre 2 - What three types of documentation are required for SS PreReq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment"? | Executive summaries of all ASTM site assessments, description of remediation efforts, and documentation from the governing authority that shows remediation has been completed. |
| SS Pre 2 - What if an ESA reveals that a school site is contaminated by past use as a landfill? | The site is ineligible for LEED certification. |
| SS Pre 2 - What can offset the high costs of brownfield development? | Substantially lower property costs. |
| SS Pre 2 - What are the differences between Phase 1 and Phase 2 ESA's? | Phase 1 determines the probability of contamination; Phase 2 determines the extent of contamination and includes sampling. |
| SS Pre 2 - What are the four steps of a Phase 1 ESA? | Records review, site visit, interviews, and reporting. |
| SS Pre 2 - What calculations are required for SS PreReq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment"? | None. |
| SS Pre 2 - Is SS PreReq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment," eligible for an exemplary performance credit? | No. |
| SS Cr 1 - What six types of land may not be developed as per SS Credit 1 - Site Selection? | Prime farmland, land lower than 5' above the 100-year flood elevation, threatened or endangered species habitat, within 100' of wetlands, within 50' of a water body, or public parkland. |
| SS Cr 1 - Who defines what is prime farmland? | The USDA. |
| SS Cr 2 - Who defines the 100-year flood elevation? | FEMA |
| SS Cr 2 - Name the seven credits related to SS Cr 1. | SS Credits 2, 3, 4.1, 5.1, 5.1, 6.1 and 6.2. |
| SS Cr 1 - How does FEMA define a 100-year flood? | The flood elevation that has a 1% chance of being reached or exceeded that year. It is NOT the most significant flood in a 100-year period; 100-year floods can occur many times in a 100-year period. |
| SS Cr 1 - What is the first step in documenting SS Cr 1, "Site Selection"? | Record any special circumstances regarding compliance with the site selection criteria. |
| SS Cr 1 - What should be done from an operating and maintenance standpoint to comply with SS Cr 1, "Site Selection"? | Clearly mark on plans areas which should be protected and undeveloped during future alterations or expansions. Ensure the documents are transferred to building owners or staff. |
| SS Cr 1 - What is included in the "development footprint"? (5) | Hardscape, access roads, parking lots, nonbuilding facilities, and the building itself. |
| SS Cr 1 - What is the intent of SS Cr 1, "Site Selection"? | To avoid the development of inappropriate sites and reduce the environmental impact from the location of a building on a site. |
| SS Cr 1 - When may public parkland be developed? | When land of equal or greater value is accepted in trade by the public landowner, or when developed by the park authority itself. |
| SS Cr 1 - What can offset the costs of site survey and selection activities? | Increased property values in the future. |
| SS Cr 1 - What calculations are required for SS Cr 1, "Site Selection"? | None. |
| SS Cr 1 - Is SS Cr 1, "Site Selection," eligible for an exemplary performance credit? | No. |
| SS Cr 2 - How is proximity calculated for the services a building connects to to satisfy SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity"? | 1/2 mile radius around main building entrance for LEED NC and CS; 1/2 mile radius around ANY building entrance for Schools |
| SS Cr 2 - Name three requirements of the services a building connects to to satisfy SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity." | Only 1 service within the project boundary may be counted, only 2 services may be anticipated, and all anticipated services must be operational within 1 year of occupation of the LEED project. |
| SS Cr 2 - In community connectivity calculations, may a particular type of service be included more than once in the calculation? | No, with the exception of restaurants. 2 restaurants may be counted; only 1 of any other service may be counted. |
| SS Cr 2 - What are three goals of SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity"? | Channel development to urban areas with existing infrastructure, protect greenfields, and preserve habitat and natural resources. |
| SS Cr 2 - What are excluded for schools in the development density calculations? (3) | PE spaces, playing fields and associated buildings (e.g. concession stands), and playgrounds with play equipment. |
| Name the four requirements a site must meet to satisfy the community connectivity option of SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity." | Previously developed, w/in 1/2 mile of residential area with average density of 10 units/acre, within 1/2 mile of at least 10 basic services, and has pedestrian access between the building and the services. |
| What is option 1 to satisfy SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity"? | Use a previously developed site in a community with a minimum density of 60,000 square feet per acre (equivalent to two-story downtown development). |
| SS Cr 2 - Name the two credits related to SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity." | SS Cr 1 and SS Cr 4.1 |
| SS Cr 2 - What calculations are required for SS Cr 2, Option 1, "Development Density"? | Calculate project density, project radius, and average density within that radius. |
| SS Cr 2 - How many square feet are in an acre? | 43,560 |
| SS Cr 2 - How do you calculate project density? | Building area in square feet divided by site area in acres. |
| SS Cr 2 - What is the equation for density radius? | 3*SquareRoot(Site Area in square feet) |
| SS Cr 2 - How many points are awarded for SS Cr 2, Option 1, "Development Density"? | 5 for NC and CS; 4 for Schools |
| SS Cr 2 - What calculations are required for SS Cr 2, Option 2, "Community Connectivity"? | None. |
| SS Cr 2 - What must be done to earn an exemplary performance credit under the ID section for SS Cr 2, "Development Density and Community Connectivity"? | Option 1, "Development Density" must me bet and the project itself must have a density at least double the average density in the area *OR* the average density within an area twice as large as the base area must be more than 120,000 sf/acre. |
| SS Cr 3 - What are the two main intents of SS Cr 3, "Brownfield Redevelopment"? | To rehabilitate damaged sites and reduce pressure on undeveloped land. |
| SS Cr 3 - What are the two options for LEED NC and LEED CS to meet SS Cr 3, "Brownfield Redevelopment"? | Option 1: Develop on a site documented as contaminated by a Phase 2 ESA or a local voluntary cleanup program. Option 2: Develop on a site defined as a brownfield by a local, state or federal government agency. |
| SS Cr 3 - How may schools earn SS Cr 3, "Brownfield Redevelopment"? | Meet SS Prereq 2, "Environmental Site Assessment," and remediate site contamination. |
| SS Cr 3 - Name the one related credit to SS Cr 3, "Brownfield Redevelopment." | SS Cr 1 - Site Selection |
| SS Cr 3 - What calculations are required for SS Cr 3, "Brownfield Redevelopment"? | None. |
| SS Cr 3 - Is SS Cr 3, "Brownfield Redevelopment," eligible for an exemplary performance credit under the ID section? | No. |
| SS Cr 3 - What does CERCLA stand for? What is its nickname? | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act...... a.k.a. Superfund |
| SS Cr 3 - What does RCRA stand for? | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act |
| SS Cr 4.1 - What is the intent of SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access"? | Reduce pollution and land development impacts from automobile use. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - What are the two main options to meet SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access"? | Option 1: Main entrance 1/2 mi to existing or planned and funded commuter rail, light rail or subway. Option 2: Main entrance 1/4 mi to 1 or more stops for 2 or more bus lines. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - For SS Cr 4.1, Option 2, what kinds of bus lines qualify? | Public, campus and private. A School Bus can count for a school only. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - What is Option 3 to meet SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access"? | Pedestrian Access - applies to schools only. 80% of students in grades 8 and below must live in a 3/4 mi walking distance. 80% of students in grades 9 and above must live in a 1 1/2 mi walking distance. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - What must be provided for all three options in SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access"? (Schools Only) | Dedicated walking or biking lanes to the transit lines that extend at least from the school building to the end of school property in 2 or more directions. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - Name the two related credits to SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access." | SS Credits 1 and 2 |
| SS Cr 4.1 - What calculations are required for SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access"? | Options 1 and 2: Calculate walking distance to nearby transit stops. Option 3: Assess the percentage of the total incoming student population that falls within the specified radius. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - What are the two options to earn an ID credit for exemplary performance under SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access"? | Option 1: Institute a comprehensive transportation management plan. Option 2: Double transit ridership. |
| SS Cr 4.1 - For SS Cr 4.1, "Alternative Transportation - Public Transportation Access," how may transit ridership be doubled? | Locate the project w/in 1/2 mi of 2 or more rail lines or within 1/4 mi of 2 or more stops for 4 or more bus lines. Frequency of service must be at least 200 transit riders per day total at these stops. |
| SS Cr 4.2 - What is the intent of SS Cr 4.2, "Alternative Transportation - Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms"? | To reduce pollution and land development impacts from automobile use. |
| SS Cr 4.2 - For LEED NC, how may SS Cr 4.2, "Alternative Transportation - Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms" be earned? | For commercial projects, bike racks for 5% of users w/in 200 yds of entrance, and shower facilities in building or w/in 200 yds of entrance for 0.5% of FTE occupants. For residential projects, covered storage facilities for 15% of occupants. |
| SS Cr 4.2 - For LEED CS, how may SS Cr 4.2, "Alternative Transportation - Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms," be earned? | For commercial projects, same as LEED NC, but for 3% instead of 5%. For residential projects, same as LEED NC (may be used by the residential portion of a mixed-use building). |
| SS Cr 4.2 - For LEED for Schools, how may SS Cr 4.2, "Alternative Transportation - Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms" be earned? | Same as for LEED NC, but users are considered children above Grade 3, and bike lanes must extend in two directions on the property. |
| SS Cr 4.2 - What are the two related credits to SS Cr 4.2, "Alternative Transportation - Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms," and how are they related? | SS Cr 6 and 7.1 - materials used for paving on-site bicycle lanes can affect these credits. |
| SS Cr 4.2 - When providing bicycle storage and changing rooms at schools, what are important things to consider? | Separating vehicle and bike traffic, securing storage, well-designed exterior lighting, and privacy between students and staff in changing facilities. |
| SS Cr 4.2 - What calculations are required for SS Cr 4.2, "Alternative Transportation - Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms"? | Determine FTE, the # of spaces required and the # of showers required. |
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