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A&Pchapter1

Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology

QuestionAnswer
Anatomy the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another
Physiology the study of how the body and its parts work or function
Homeostasis the bodies ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is continuously changing
Negative Feedback when the net force of the response to the stimulus is to shut off the original stimulus or reduce its intensity
Positive Feedback mechanisms control infrequent events that occur explosively and do not require continuous adjustments
Anatomical Position the standard position of the body
Anterior the front side of the body
Posterior the back side of the body
Ventral Body Cavity all the structures within the chest and abdomen
Dorsal Body Cavity the cranial and spinal cavity
Superior toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body, above
Inferior away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body, below
Cranial toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body, above (for the head)
Caudal away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body, below (for the head)
Superficial (external) toward or at the body surface
Deep (internal) away from the body surface, more internal
Medial toward or at the midline of the body, on the inner side of
Lateral away from the midline of the body, on the outer side of
Proximal close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk (only for limbs)
Distal farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk (only for limbs)
Transverse Plane/Section a cut made along a horizontal plane, dividing the body or organ into superior and inferior parts
Frontal Plane/Section a cut made along a lengthwise plane that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior parts
Sagittal Section a cut made along the lengthwise, or longitudinal, plane of the body, dividing the body into right and left parts
Midsagittal (Median) Section a cut made down the median plane of the body and the right and left parts are equal in size
Mediastinum central region that separates the lungs into right and left cavities in the thoracic cavity
Created by: lizhopper2
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