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SKELETAL

The Skeletal System

QUESTIONANSWER
(Q) How Many Basic Types of Bone are there ? 5
(Q) Name the 5 Types of Bone ? FLAT, LONG, IRREGULAR, SHORT & SESAMOID. (Remember F.L.I.S.S.)
(Q) FLAT BONE ? 2 Layers of COMPACT Bone with a Thin Layer of SPONGY In Between.
(Q) FLAT BONE FUNCTION ? Provides Protection.
(Q) Give at least 2 Examples of FLAT BONE ? SCAPULA, PELVIS & CRANIUM.
(Q) LONG BONE ? Consits of an Elongated Shaft of COMPACT Bone, 2 Extremities Composed Mainly of SPONGY Bone Surrounded by a Layer of Compact Bone.
(Q) Give at least 3 Examples Of LONG BONE ? Found in Limbs. RADIAL, HUMERUS, FEMUR, TIBIA & FIBULA.
(Q) IRREGULAR BONE ? Similar to SHORT BONES in Construction but More Complex in Shape.
(Q) Give an Example of IRREGULAR BONE. Several Facial Bones & VERTEBRAE.
(Q) SHORT BONE ? Mainly CUBOID in Shape. Made up of Smaller Masses of SPONGY Bone Surrounded by a Layer of COMPACT BONE with no SHAFT.
(Q) Give 2 Examples of SHORT BONE ? WRIST CARPUS & ANKLE TARUS
(Q) SESAMOID BONE ? Small Bone Located in TENDONS.
(Q) Example of SESAMOID BONE ? PATELLA.
(Q) COMPACT BONE ? 'DENSE' Tissue. Has High stress Bearing Capability due to Dense Tissue Containing Few SPACES.
(Q) SPONGY BONE ? CANCELLOUS Bone. Lighter Bone Tissue Typicaly with Many Spaces which Contain RED MARROW.
(Q) PERIOSTEUM ? Outer Protective Covering of a Bone.
(Q) MEDULIARY CANAL, Whats Carried Inside ? YELLOW MARROW.
CRANIUM ? The Part of the Skull that Encloses the Brain.
MAXILA ? Top of JAW.
MANDIBLE ? Lower JAW.
ATLAS ? The 1st Cervical VERTEBRA, Articulates with the SKULL.
SPINE ? The VERTEBRAL COLUMN.
VERTEBRAL COLUMN ? A series of 24 Seperate Movable Irregular Bones, Plus the SACRUM & COCCYX.
VERTEBRAL COLUMN Sections ? 3 Sections of 24 Bones. 7 CERVICAL, 12 THORACIC & 5 LUMBAR.
VERTEBRA ? Each Segment of the BACK BONE.
CERVICAL ? The 7 NECK Vertebra.
THORACIC ? The 12 UPPER BACK Vertebra.
LUMBAR ? The 5 LOWER BACK Vertebra.
SACRUM ? The 5 FUSED BONES at the Bottom of the Lumbar region.
COCCYX ? The 4 FUSED BONES at the Bottom of the Sacrum.
INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS ? SEPERATE the Vertebrae, Get Thicker Towards the Lumbar Region, have an Outer Rim that Consits of Fibrocartilage.
INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS, Function ? Help with FLEXIBILITY & SHOCK ABSORBSION.
INTERVERTEBRAL FORAMINA ? The Tube for the SPINAL CORD that is made up of the INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS.
ARTICULATING SURFACE ? The Part of the Bone that Enters into the Formation of a JOINT.
ARTICULATION ? A JOINT Between TWO or More Bones.
BONY SINUS ? A HOLLOW CAVITY Within a Bone.
BORDER ? A RIDGE of Bone SEPARATING TWO Surfaces.
CONDYLE ? A Smooth Rounded PROJECTION of Bone that forms part of a JOINT.
FACET ? A SMALL, Generally Flat, ARTICULATING Surface.
FISSURE / CLEFT ? A NARROW Slit.
FORAMEN ? (plural FORAMINA) A HOLE in a Structure.
FOSSA ? (plural FOSSAE) A HOLLOW or DEPRESSION.
MEATUS ? A TUBE shaped CAVITY within a Bone.
SEPTUM ? A PARTITION seperating TWO CAVITIES.
SPINE / SPINOUS PROCESS or CREST ? A SHARPE RIDGE of Bone.
STYLOID PROCESS ? A SHARP Downward Projection of Bone that gives ATTACHMENT to MUSCLES & LIGAMENTS.
TROCHANTER / TUBEROSITY or TUBERCLE ? Roughened Bony PROJECTIONS, Usually for ATTACHMENT of MUSCLES or LIGAMENTS. The Different names are used according to the Size of the Projection. Trochanters are the LARGEST & Tubercles the SMALLEST.
CLAVICLE ? Collar Bone, at FRONT (Interior).
SCAPULA ? Sholde Blade, at Back (Posterior)
STERNUM ? Joins Ribs Together.
PELVIS ? A Basin Shaped CAVITY formed from the Bones of the Haunch with the Sacrum & other Vertebrae.
ILIUM ? The Bone Forming the Upper Part of each Half of the PELVIS.
HUMERUS ? The Bone of the UPPER ARM.
RADIUS / Radial ? The THICKER & SHORTER of the 2 Bones in the FOREARM.
ULNA ? The THINER & LONGER of the 2 Bones in the FOREARM.
CARPAL ? Bones of the HAND.
CARPUS ? Wrist.
METACARPAL ? Start of the Fingers Before KNUKCLES.
PHALANGES ? FINGERS & TOE's after KNUCKLE.
FEMUR ? (Femoral) The THICK Bone Between the HIP & the KNEE.
PATELLA ? The KNEE CAP.
TIBULA ? The INNER & LARGER of the 2 Bones Extending from the Knee & the Ankle.
FIBULA ? The SMALLER & OUTER of the 2 Bones Between the Knee & the Ankle.
TARUS ? Bones of the ANKLE.
TARSAL ? ANKLE.
METATARSEL AFTER ANKLE.
INTERCOSTAL ? Between the Bones of the RIBS.
OSTEOPOROSIS ? A Condition of BRITTLE & FRAGILE Bones Caused by Loss of Boney Tissue. Esp. as a Result of Hormonal Changes, or Deficiency of Calcium or Vitamin D.
SPINA BIFFIDA is a ? Congenital Defect of the Spine, in which part of the Spinal Cord Protudes.
OSTEOBLASTS ? These are the Bone Cells that Secreate COLLOGEN & other Constituents of Bone Tissue.
CHONDROCYTES ? CARTILAGE forming CELLS.
OSTEOCYTES ? As Bone Developes OSTEOBLASTS Become Trapped Within the Newly Formed Bone and Become Trapped, Becoming OSTEOCYTES.
OSTEOCLASTS, Function ? Resorption of Bone to Maintain the Optimum Shape. This takes place at Bone Surfaces.
What is the production of Blood Cells in RED BONE MARROW called ? HAEMOPOIESIS.
Bones form the BOUNDERIES of the ? CRANIAL, THORACIC & PELVIC CAVITIES, Protecting the ORGANS they Contain.
The Mineral Reservoirwithin Bone is Essential for ? MINERAL STORAGE, Esp CALCIUM PHOSPHATE.
Other Bone Functions Include ? Provision of the Framework of the Body. Giving ATTACHMENT to Muscles & TENDONS, Allowing Movement of the Body as a Whole & of Parts of the Body, by Forming Joints that are Moved by Muscles.
Created by: Grendeloak
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