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DIGESTIVE

The Digestive System

QuestionAnswer
MOUTH ? Chewing food to become a soft BOLUS, salivia then added to soften the food/bolus to start the digestive process.
PHARYNX ? A MEMBRANE lined cavity behind the nose & mouth.Connects to the OSOPHAGUS.
EPIGLOTIS ? A flap of CARTILAGE at the root of the toungue.
EPIGLOTIS, it's purpose ? Depressed during swallowing to cover the windpipe/respiratory tract which prevents bolus entering.
WINDPIPE ? TRACHEA.
OESOPHAGUS ? Part of the ALIMENTARY canal from the mouth to the stomach.
CARDIAC SPHINCTER ? The ring of muscle between the oesophagus and the stomach.
STOMACH ? Acts as a reservoir, giving time for stomach muscles to mix/churn food/bolus with gastric juices.
STOMACH,Turns Food/Bolus into what ? CHYME.
PYLORIC SPHINCTER ? The ring of muscle between the Stomach and the small intestine.
PYLORIC SPHINCTER, function ? Controls Chyme from stomach entering intestine.
SMALL INTESTINE ? Consists of DUODENUM, JEJUNUM & ILEUM.
DUODENUM ? Is about 25 cm long & curves around the head of the PANCREAS.
JEJUNUM ? Is 2 meteres long middle part of the small intestine.
ILEUM ? Is the last part of the small intestine, about 3 meteres long.
ILEUM, function ? Controls the flow of material from the ILEUM to the CAECUM, prevents REGURGITATION.
SMALL INTESTINES function ? Chyme from stomach is mixed with BILE from LIVER & PANCREATIC juices are added to allow CHYME to be converted to NUTRIENTS for absorbtion.
LARGE INTESTINE ? Consits of CAECUM, ASCENDING, TRANSVERSE & DESENDING COLON, SIGMOID COLON, The RECTUM & ANAL CANAL.
CAECUM ? The 1st part of the COLON/Large Intestine, A blind ended pouch at the junction of the small intestine.
What does the CAECUM have hanging off it ? The VERMIFROM APPENDIX, Which is a fine tune 8/9cm long, closed at 1 end. Has more Lymphoid tissue than the rest of the colon.
LARGE INTESTINE, How long is it ? About 1.5 metres.
SMALL INTESTINES, How long is it ? About 5 metres.
ASENDING COLON ? Passes upwards from the CAECUM to the level of the liver, where it curves to the left.
TRANSVERSE COLON ? Extends across the abdominal cavity in front of the duodenum & stomach cavity, then to the spleen where it then curves downward.
DESCENDING COLON ? Down the left side of the abdominal cavity, curves towards the midline. After it enters the true pelvis, where it is known as the SIGMOID COLON.
RECTUM ? Slightly dilated section of the colon about 13cm long. Leads from the sigmoid colon to the anal canal.
ANAL CANAL ? Short passage about 3.8cm long.
ANAL CANAL, contains ? 2 SPHINCTERS, Internal & External sphincter. Ending in the ANUS.
LARGE INTESTINE, Function ? Absorbs Salts, Minerals & Water, allowing waste material to be Consolidated.
STOMACH, Location of ? Situated in the Epigastric, Umbilical & left Hypochondriac regions of the Abdominal Cavity.
STOMACH, Function of ? Acts as a tempory RESERVOIR for food allowing Digestive Enzymes to work, Produce GASTRIC Juices, Muscular Action mixes Gastric juices with food. Allows a limited amount of Nutrient Adsorbtion to take place.
Created by: Grendeloak
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