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VW NeuroBlood Supply
IS-B1-Neuro Blood Supply
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 50% of the problems in the cranial cavity are _ and result in neurological deficits. | Vascular |
| The brain receives 15-17% of the _ _ _ and consumes 20% of the _. | Total Cardiac Output, Oxygen |
| If the brain is deprived of blood for 3-5 minutes, _(loss of consciousness, brain damage) may result. | Brain damage |
| The anterior blood supply arises from which major vessel? | Internal Carotid Artery |
| The internal carotid artery gives off the _ as it leaves the cavernous sinus. | Ophthalmic |
| The _ artery supplies the eye and orbit and gives off the central artery of the retina. | Ophthalmic Artery |
| The internal carotid artery gives off the _ which is part of the circle of willis. | Posterior Communicating Artery |
| The internal carotid artery gives off the _ artery which enters the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle, supplies the choroid plexus, cerebral peduncles and the optic tract. | Choroidal Artery |
| The internal carotid artery gives off the _ _ artery which supplies the medial surface of the cerebral cortex. | Anterior Cerebral Artery |
| 2 major branches of the ACA are the: | pericallosal artery and the callosal marginal artery |
| The internal carotid artery gives off the _ _ artery which is a direct continuation of the internal carotid and supplies the lateral surface of the hemispheres. | Middle Cerebral Artery |
| The Middle Cerebral Artery gives off the _ arteries which supply major internal structures | Lenticulostriate Arteries |
| The _ arteries are those most commonly involved in a classic stroke. | Lenticulostriate Arteries |
| The _ arteries arise from the subclavian arteries and travel through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae. | Vertebral Arteries |
| The 2 vertebral arteries join together at the base of the pons to form the _ artery. | Basilar |
| 2 posterior spinal arteries arise from the _ arteries 25% of the time and from the _ _ _ arteries the other 75%. | vertebral, posterior inferior cerebellar arteries |
| 1 _ _ artery is formed from the 2 vertebral arteries. | Anterior Spinal Artery |
| The vertebral artery gives rise to the _ _ _ _ which supplies deep cerebellar structures, inferior cerebellum and the medulla. | Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries |
| The basilar artery gives rise to the _ _ _ arteries which supply the anterior and inferior cerebellum and parts of the medulla and pons | Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries |
| The basilar artery gives rise to the _ arteries which supply the pons. | Pontine Arteries |
| The Paramedian and long and short circumferential arteries are branches of the _ artery. | Pontine Artery |
| The _ _ _ supplies part of the midbrain, pons and superior surface of the cerebellum. | Superior Cerebellar Artery |
| The _ _ _ supplies the occipital love and medial surface of the temporal lobe and sends branches to the midbrain and thalamus | Posterior Cerebral Artery |
| The _ _ artery joins the posterior cerebral artery to the anterior circulation, thus completing the circle of Willis. | Posterior Communicating Artery |
| The Circle of Willis is formed by which arteries? | Anterior Communicating Artery, Anterior Cerebral Artery, Internal Carotid Artery, Posterior Communicating Artery, Posterior Cerebral Artery and Basilar Artery. |
| 2 major cerebral arteries terminate in areas called "_" areas, which are susceptible to damage during events of low blood perfusion. | Watershed |
| The 2 major watershed areas "zones" are: | Anterior Border Zone and Posterior Border Zone |
| An _ _ infarct is between the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. | Anterior Watershed Infarct |
| An _ _ _ causes contralateral hemiparesis of the lower extremities, expressive language deficits and behavior changes. | Anterior Watershed Infarct |
| An _ _ infarct is between the middle and posterior cerebral arteries | Posterior Watershed Infarct |
| An _ _ infarct causes visual losses and some language problems | Posterior Watershed Infarct |
| What are the three superficial cerebral veins? | Superficial middle cerebral vein Superior anastomotic vein of Trolard Inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe |
| Where does the superficial middle cerebral vein drain? | To the cavernous sinus |
| Where does the superior anastomotic vein of Trolard drain? | To the superior sagittal sinus |
| Where does the inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe drain? | To the transverse sinus |
| What are the three deep cerebral veins? | Thalamostriate vein Internal cerebral veins Great cerebral vein of Galen |
| The _ sinus drains into the petrosal sinuses which drain into the sigmoid sinus, then the internal jugular veins. | Cavernous Sinus |
| The _ vein of _ receives blood from the medial temporal lobe and drains into the straight sinus | Basal Vein of Rosenthal |
| Describe the drainage of sinuses from the straight sinus to the internal jugular veins. | Straight sinus -> confluence of sinuses -> transverse sinus -> sigmoid sinus -> internal jugular veins |
| Which two arteries supply the spinal cord? | Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries |
| The _ _ artery supplies the anterior 2/3 and lateral part of the spinal cord. | Anterior Spinal Artery |
| The anterior horns, anterolateral tracts and lateral corticospinal tracts receive their blood from which spinal artery? | Anterior Spinal Artery |
| The _ _ arteries supply the posterior 1/3 of the spinal cord. | Posterior Spinal Arteries |
| The _ arteries supply the posterior and anterior roots and the dorsal root ganglia. | Radicular Arteries |
| The artery of _ is at T12-L2 on the left and is a major source of blood supply to the lumbar cord. Why is this important? | Adamkiewicz. If tied off during surgery, ischemia to the cord and paraplegia ensues. |
| Lesions involving the _ _ arteries can show sensory losses including fine touch and proprioception. | Posterior Spinal Arteries |
| The dilation of a blood vessel wall in the tunica media | Aneurysm |
| 85% of aneurysms occur on branches of this major vessel | Internal Carotid |
| The occlusion of a vessel by extraneous material is called a | Cerebral Embolism |
| The 3 types of hemorrhages in the meninges are: | Epidural, Subdural or Subarachnoid |
| An _ hemorrhage is when extravasated blood strips dura from skull | Epidural Hemorrhage |
| Injury to the meningeal artery or vein can result in an _ hemorrhage | Epidural |
| A _ hemorrhage results from the bridging veins tearing as they enter the superior sagittal sinus from the front or a back blow to the head. | Subdural |
| A _ hemorrhage is caused by trauma or intracranial aneurysm of arteries. | Subarachnoid Hemorrhage |
| Symptoms of this kind of hemorrhage are sudden onset of headache, stiff neck and loss of consciousness. | Subarachnoid Hemorrhage |
| This type of hemorrhage can be caused by hypertension to cause the classic stroke. | Cerebral Hemorrhage |
| A classic stroke aka Cerebral Hemorrhage occurs as a result of damage/occlusion of the _ arteries. | Lenticulostriate Arteries |
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cherubicsiren
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