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LOM Book Chapter 16
Language of Medicine Chapter 16 - Created by MTatHome.com
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abscess | A cavity containing pus surrounded by inflamed tissue; usually the result of localized infection. |
| acne | Chronic popular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum. |
| actinic keratosis | Thickened area of the epidermis associated with aging and skin damage due to sun exposure. |
| adipose | Pertaining to fat. |
| albinism | Inherited absence of pigment in the skin, hear, and eyes. |
| albino | Individual lacking normal body pigment (melanin). |
| alopecia | Baldness. |
| alopecia areata | An idiopathic condition in which hair falls out in patches. |
| anhidrosis | Absence of sweating. |
| atopic dermatitis | Inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reactions. |
| basal cell carcinoma | Skin cancer arising from cells in the basal layer of the epidermis. |
| basal layer | Lower layer of cells in the epidermis. |
| bulla (pl. bullae) | Large blister. |
| callus | Hard, thickened area of skin occurring in areas of the body exposed to friction or pressure. |
| causalgia | Intense burning pain, often resulting from injury to a peripheral nerve. |
| cellulitis | Diffuse, acute inflammatory infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain and swelling. |
| cicatrix | Scar tissue. |
| collagen | Protein found in skin and connective tissues. |
| crust | Collection on the skin of dried sebum and cellular debris; scab. |
| curettage | Scraping of material from the skin or from the wall of a cavity. |
| cuticle | Small band of skin at the base of a nail. |
| cyst | Thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material. |
| decubitus ulcer | Inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony part of the body; pressure ulcer; bedsore. |
| dermabrasion | Treatment for removal of superficial scars or wrinkles on the skin using sandpaper-like material. |
| dermatologist | Specialist in the study (diagnosis and treatment) of skin disorders. |
| dermatophytosis | Fungal infection of the skin. |
| dermatoplasty | Surgical repair of the skin. |
| dermis | Middle layer of the skin. |
| diaphoresis | Profuse sweating. |
| dysplastic nevi | Numerous abnormal moles with irregular borders, indistinct margins, and mixed coloration; often precursors of malignant melanomas. |
| ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses) | Bleeding into the skin; bruise. |
| eccrine sweat gland | Water-producing exocrine gland in the skin. |
| eczema | Chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology, marked by redness, blisters, scales, and scabs. |
| electrocautery | Use of a needle or snare heated by electric current to destroy or burn tissue (removal of warts, polyps). |
| electrodesiccation | Destruction of tissue by burning with an electric spark. |
| epidermis | Outer layer of the skin. |
| epidermolysis | Loosening of outer layer of the skin with formation of large blisters (bullae). |
| epithelium | Layer of skin cells covering the outer and inner surfaces of the body. |
| erosion | Wearing away or loss of epidermis. |
| erythema | Condition of redness of the skin. |
| erythematous | Pertaining to redness of the skin. |
| exanthematous viral disease | Rash (exanthema) of skin due to viral infection; measles (rubeola) and chicken pox (varicella) are examples. |
| fissure | Groove or crack-like sore. |
| fungal tests | Scrapings from skin lesions are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination for evidence of fungal growth. |
| gangrene | Death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply. |
| hair follicle | Tubular sac that holds the hair fiber. |
| ichthyosis | Hereditary condition in which the skin resembles fish scales and is dry, rough, and scaly. |
| impetigo | Inflammatory bacterial skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions. |
| integumentary system | Skin and its accessory organs (hair, nails, sebaceous and sweat glands). |
| kaposi sarcoma | Malignant tumor of skin and blood vessels; often associated with AIDS. Dark blue-purple patches form on the skin. |
| keloid | Enlarged scar on the skin. |
| keratin | Hard protein found in hair, nails, and the epidermis layer of skin. |
| keratosis | Excessive development of hard, keratinized tissue on the skin. |
| leukoderma | Areas of skin that lose their pigment and become white; vitiligo. |
| leukoplakia | White plaques on mucous membranes and surfaces of the body. |
| lipocyte | Fat cell. |
| lipoma | Benign tumor of fatty tissue. |
| liposuction | Removal of adipose (fatty) tissue with a suction pump device. |
| lunula | Semicircular white arch near the root of the nail. |
| macule | Pigmented spot on the skin; freckle. |
| malignant melanoma | Cancerous skin tumor often arising in pre-existing moles (nevi). |
| melanin | Black pigment produced by melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis. |
| melanocyte | Cell in the basal layer of the epidermis that produces melanin. |
| mohs surgery | Microscopically controlled excision of skin cancers. |
| mycosis | Any disease caused by a fungus. |
| nevus (pl. nevi) | Mole (pigmented lesion of the skin). |
| nodule | Solid, round or oval, elevated skin lesion more than 1 cm in diameter. |
| onychomycosis | Fungal infection of a nail. |
| papule | Small, solid elevation of the skin, less than 1 cm in diameter. |
| paronychia | Inflammation and swelling of the skin folds around a nail. |
| paronychium | Soft tissue surrounding the nail border. |
| petechia (pl. petechiae) | Small, pinpoint hemorrhages in the skin. |
| pilonidal cyst | Sac of hair in the sacral region (above the cleft in the buttocks). |
| pilosebaceous | Pertaining to hair follicles and sebaceous glands. |
| polyp | Mushroom-like benign growth extending on a stalk from the surface of a mucous membrane. |
| pruritus | Itching. |
| psoriasis | Chronic, recurrent dermatosis characterized by scaly, dull red or pink patches covered by silvery gray scales. |
| purpura | Bleeding into the skin; ecchymoses and petechiae. |
| purulent | Forming or containing pus. |
| pyoderma | Skin disease with formation of pus. |
| rhytidectomy | Plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging. |
| rubella | Exanthemous viral disease; German measles. |
| rubeola | Exanthemous viral disease; measles. |
| scabies | Contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus (itching). |
| scleroderma | Chronic and progressive disease of the skin with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue. |
| sebaceous cyst | Sac-like cavity filled with a collection of yellowish, cheesy sebum and epithelial debris. |
| sebaceous gland | Oil gland in the dermis layer of the skin. |
| seborrhea | Condition marked by excessive secretion from sebaceous glands. |
| seborrheic dermatitis | Inflammation of the skin with excessive secretion from sebaceous glands. |
| sebum | Oily secretion from sebaceous glands in the skin. |
| skin biopsy | Procedure to remove a suspected malignant lesion and send it to pathology laboratory for microscopic examination. |
| skin test | Reaction of the body to a substance by observing the results of injecting the substance intradermally or applying it topically to the skin. |
| squamous cell carcinoma | Skin cancer that develops from squamous epithelium. |
| squamous epithelium | Flat, scale-like layer of cells in the epidermis or outer layer of the skin. |
| steatoma | Collection of sebum in a cyst or sac-like formation. |
| stratified | Arranged in layers. |
| stratum (pl. strata) | A layer. |
| stratum corneum | Outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of flattened, keratinized cells. |
| subcutaneous layer | Pertaining to the third layer of the skin, under the epidermis and dermis (cutaneous layers). The subcutaneous layer contains fatty tissue. |
| subungual | Pertaining to under a nail. |
| systemic lupus erythematosus | Chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in the skin, of joints, and of internal organs. |
| tinea | Fungal infection of the skin; tinea corporis (ringworm) and tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) are examples. |
| trichomycosis | Fungal infection of hair, especially in the area under the arm (axilla). |
| ulcer | Open sore on the skin or mucous membranes of the body. |
| urticarial | Acute allergic reaction in which red, round, elevated swollen areas called wheals appear on the skin. Pruritus (itching) may be intense. |
| varicella | Exanthamous viral disease marked by itchy red rash that develops into blisters and pustules and then scabs; chicken pox. |
| verruca (pl. verrucae) | Small benign growth (wart) in the skin; caused by a virus. |
| vesicle | Smaller blister, containing clear fluid, on the skin. |
| vitiligo | Patches of white, unpigmented skin surrounded by areas of normal skin; leukoderma. |
| wheal | Round elevation in the skin with a pale, whitish area surrounded by redness; hives. |
| xanthoma | Soft, yellowish, round nodule found on the eyelids; xanthelasma. |
| xeroderma | Dry skin. |
Created by:
mtathome
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