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ap marieb ch23 pt3
Anat and phys Marieb chap 23 digestive system part 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The pancreatic islets secrete ____ and _____ | insulin, glucagon |
| ________ secrete pancreatic juice | acini |
| _________ of secretory cells contain digestive enzumes | zymogen granules |
| _____ ______ and _______ are secreted in active form but require ions or bile for optimal activity | amylase, lipases, nucleases |
| ______ is secreted by the pancreas in inactive form | proteases |
| ________ is activated by _____ by brush border enzyme ________ | trypsinogen, trypsin, enteropeptidase |
| Procarboxypeptidase and chymotrypsinogen are activated by _____ | trypsin |
| Gallbladder contraction is stimulated by _____ | CKK from intestinal cells and vagal stimulation |
| CCK causes the _________ sphincter to relax | hepatopancreatic |
| CCK induces the secretion of enzyme rich pancreatic juice by ____ | acini |
| ___________ causes secretion of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice by duct cells | Secretin |
| Chyme from the stomach contains ________ and _____ | partially digested carbohydrates and proteins and undigested fats |
| Paristalsis is initiated by _______ in the late intestinal phase | motilin |
| _______ sensory neurons may activate the myenteric pexus causing contraction of the circular muscle proximally and the longitudinal muscle distally | cholinergic |
| _____ increases the motility of the ileum | gastrin |
| ______ are three bands of longitudinal smooth muscle in the muscularis | teniae coli |
| _______ are pocketlike sacs caused by the tone of the teniae coli | haustra |
| _______ are fat-filled pouches of visceral peritoneum | Epiploic appendages |
| Name the regions of the large intestine | cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal |
| The ______ and _______ are anchored via mesocolons | transverse colon, sigmoid colon |
| Internal anal sphincter is made of ______ | smooth muscle |
| External anal sphincter is made of ______ | skeletal muscle |
| Mucosa of the large intestine are made of ______ epithelium | simple columnar |
| The large intestine is abundant with ______ with _____ | deep crypts, goblet cells |
| _______ ferment indigestible carbs and synthesize b complex vitamins and vitamin K | Bacterial flora |
| Vitamins, water, and electrolytes are reclaimed in the _______ | large intestine |
| _____ sequentially contract in response to distension in the large intestine | Haustra |
| ________ is initiated by presence of food in the stomach | Gastrocolic reflex |
| The _______ activates three to four slow powerful peristaltic waves per day in the colon (mass movements) | gastrocolic reflex |
| Name three types of chemical digestion | catabolic, enzymatic, hydrolysis |
| Name some digestive enzymes | Salivary amylase, pancreatic amylase, and brush border enzymes (dextrinase, glucoamylase, lactase, maltase, and sucrase) |
| Carbohydrates enter the capillary beds in the villi and are transported to the liver via the ______ | hepatic portal vein |
| Name three pancreatic proteases enzymes | Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase |
| Name three brush border enzymes | Aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidases, and dipeptidases |
| Lipids are pretreated by ______ and _____ enzymes | bile salts, pancreatic lipase |
| Absorption of _____ and _____ are absorbed into the capillary blood in villi and transported via the hepatic portal vein | glycerol, short fatty acids |
| Absorption of _____ and ______ cluster with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles | monoglycerides, fatty acids |
| Monoglycerides and fatty acids are released by _____ to diffuse into epithelial cells | micelles |
| Monoglycerides and fatty acids combine with proteins to form ______ | chylomicrons |
| Nucleic Acids are digested by the enzymes ______ and ______ | Pancreatic ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease |
| Nucleic acids are absorbed via _______ | active transport |
| Name four fat soluble vitamins | A D E K |
| Fat soluble vitamins are carried by ______ | micelles |
| Name 2 water soluble vitamins | C B |
| Vitamin B12 binds with _____ and is absorbed by _____ | intrinsic factor, endocytosis |
| Iron and calcium are absorbed in the _______ | duodenum |
| Ionic iron is stored in mucosal cells with ______ | ferritin |
| _____ of water is is absorbed in the small intestine by osmosis | 95% |
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hkrawietz
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