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Anatomy QIV:PII
The Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the food tube which moves from mouth to anus | alimentary canal |
| includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine | alimentary canal |
| includes the teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas | accessory digestive organs |
| name for the food ball formed initially by the tongue and teeth | bolus |
| absorption of the nutrients into the blood primarily occurs in the | small intestine |
| absorption of excess water primarily occurs in the | large intestine |
| serous membrane lining the body wall | parietal peritoneum |
| serous membrane surrounding the digestive organs | visceral peritoneum |
| a slit-like potential space between the serous membrane layers | peritoneal cavity |
| means behind the peritoneum-an example of this | retroperitoneal, kidneys |
| innermost layer of tissue in the alimentary canal | mucosa |
| layer external to the mucosa | submucosa |
| layer external to the submucosa | muscularis externa |
| outermost layer of the alimentary canal wall, also the visceral peritoneum | serosa |
| lips formed by what muscle | orbicularis oris |
| cheeks formed by what muscle | buccinator |
| how many deciduous (baby) teeth | 20 |
| how many permanent teeth | 32 |
| largest of the salivary glands, located near the masseter muscle | parotid glands |
| three pairs of salivary glands | parotid, submandibular, sublingual |
| the site of the beginning of protein digestion | stomach |
| the bolus is turned into chyme in the | stomach |
| this organ secretes pepsin | stomach |
| passages for air and food | pharynx |
| muscular food tube that is a continuation of the pharynx | esophagus |
| part of stomach which prevents backflow of acid and food particles, where food enters the stomach | cardiac sphincter |
| the superior dome-shaped portion of the stomach | fundus |
| the main, large, centralized region of the stomach | body |
| the last region of the stomach before food enters the small intestine | pylorus |
| the lateral or convex curvature of the stomach | greater curvature |
| the medial or concave curvature of the stomach | lesser curvature |
| multiple internal folds of mucosa in the stomach | rugae |
| longest portion of the alimentary canal | small intestine |
| site of most enzymatic digestion and absorption of nutrients into the blood | small intestine |
| the three portions of the small intestine from proximal to distal | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| part of the small intestine which receives digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver | duodenum |
| Peyer's patches are found in this structure | small intestine |
| Brunner's glands are found in this structure | small intestine |
| main function of this organ is to absorb water and electrolytes into the bloodstream | large intestine |
| most proximal region of the large intestine | cecum |
| most proximal region of the colon portion of the large intestine | ascending colon |
| most distal region of the colon portion of the large intestine | sigmoid colon |
| part of large intestine which descends along the inferior half of the sacrum | rectum |
| the last subdivision of the large intestine/most distal portion of the large intestine | anal canal |
| the bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon | right colic/hepatic flexure |
| the bend between the transverse and descending colon | left colic/hepatic flexure |
| a gathered segment of the large intestine | haustrum |
| the largest gland in the body | liver |
| the digestive function of the liver | bile production |
| is the liver part of the alimentary canal or is it an accessory digestive organ? | accessory digestive organ |
| stores and concentrates bile | gallbladder |
| the function of bile is | to emulsify and breakdown fats |
| the area of the liver without peritoneum | bare area |
| the ligament which divides the right and left lobes of the liver | falciform ligament |
| structure on the liver which contains the hepatic portal vein | porta hepatis |
| the round ligament, a remnant of a fetal circulatory structure, found on the liver | ligamentum teres |
| remnant of a fetal circulatory structure found in the fissure of the liver | ligamentum venosum |
| this part of the gallbladder converges with the common hepatic duct | cystic duct |
| an heterocrine gland of the digestive system | pancreas |
| exocrine function of the pancreas, delivers ______ to the small intestine | pancreatic enzymes |
| endocrine function of the pancreas, produces ____ and _____ | insulin, glucagon |
| blood sugar regulator produced by pancreas-reduces blood sugar | insulin |
| blood sugar regulator produced by pancreas-increases blood sugar | glucagon |
| where the right and left hepatic duct converge | common hepatic duct |
| the convergence of the common hepatic and cystic duct to the small intestine | bile duct (common bile duct) |
Created by:
amyziolkowski
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