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MSUCOM HN 3
Scalp, neck, fascial layers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 5 layers of scalp | Skin. Connective tissue. Aponeurosis. Loose CT. Periosteum. |
| Connective tissue (what do you find) | Dense, hair follicles, arteries, veins, cutaneous nerves found here |
| Aponeurosis (unites...) | Unites frontalis & occipitalis mm. |
| Loose connective tissue | Allows movement of 3 superficial layers as one unit. Infections can get in |
| Periosteum | On bones of calvarium |
| Cervical fascia (what) | Covers and compartmentalizes principal muscle masses, viscera and main nerves and blood vessels of neck. |
| Cervical fascia 3 layers | Superficial (investing) layer of cervical fascia. Pretracheal layer. Prevertebral layer. |
| Superficial (investing) layer of cervical fascia | Single sheet, cylindrical. Corresponding to column of neck. Surrounds all deeper parts of neck. Splits into 2 sheets to enclose sternocleidomastoid & trapezium muscles. |
| Superficial (investing) layer of cervical fascia (attachments) | Post midline - ex occipital protuberance, nuchal lig, SP of C7. Sup midline - ex occ. protuberance, sup nuchal line, mastoid process, inf mandible border. Inf - ant & post surfaces of manubrium, med 1/3 clavicle, scapula. Ant - hyoid bone |
| Pretracheal layer of cervical fascia (compartmentalizes 6) | Central part of neck. Compartmentalizes pharynx, esophagus, larynx, trachea, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland |
| Buccopharyngeal fascia (part of, covers) | Part of pretracheal layer. Covers pharynx & is prolonged down over post surface of esophagus. |
| Prevertebral layer of cervical fascia | Encloses vertebral column & assoc. muscles. Extension of vertebral fascia of back. Attached to tips of TPs. Post attaches to ex occipital protuberance, nuchal lig, spine of C7 |
| Fascia of infrahyoid muscles (layers, blend with..) | 2 layers (superficial, deep) in ant 1/2 of neck. Blend with superficial cervical fascia along medial line. |
| Superficial layer of fascia of infrahyoid muscles (encloses, blends with..) | Encloses sternohyoid, omohyoid. Blends with superficial cervical fascia post to sternocleidomastoid muscle |
| Deep layer of fascia of infrahyoid muscles (encloses, extends..) | Encloses sternothyroid, thyrohyoid. Extends laterally to carotid sheath |
| Carotid sheath | Tubular investment of internal and common carotid arteries, internal jugular v, vagus (CN10). Sympathetic chain runs next to, not in. |
| Superficial layer | Encloses all except most superficial structures of neck |
| Prevertebral layer | Forms an enclosure for a compartment containing cervical vertebrae & associated m/a/v/n |
| Pretracheal & Buccopharyngeal fasciae | Delimits a compartment which lodges all visceral organs contained in neck |
| Carotid sheath | Longitudinal neurovascular enclosure |
| Interfascial spaces | Between fascial layers |
| Retropharyngeal space (borders) | Between pretracheal fascia (ant), prevertebral fascia (post), carotid sheaths (lat), base of skull (sup), post mediastinum (inf) |
| Fascia (clinical importance) | Holds back infection |
Created by:
Rungladwin
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