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LOM - Ch 7
LOM - Ch 7 - Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| caliectasis | dialtion of a calyx |
| caliceal | pertaining to a calyz |
| cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| cystectomy | removal of the urinary bladder |
| cystostomy | new opening of the bladder to the outside of the body |
| glomerular capsule | pertaining to the capsule surrounding each glomerulus; bowman capsule |
| meatal stnosis | naroowing of the meatus (opening of the urethra to the outside of the body) |
| paranphric | pertaining to near the kidney |
| nephropathy | disease of the kidney |
| nephroptosis | downward displacement of a kidney |
| nephrolithotomy | incision to remove a kidney stone |
| hydronephrosis | condition of excess fluid in the kidney |
| nephrostomy | new opening of the kidney to the outside of the body |
| pyelolithotomy | incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone |
| renal ischemia | holding back of blood flow to the kidney |
| renal colic | kendyu pain resulting from a stone in the ureter or kidney |
| trigonitis | inflammation of the trigon (area in the bladder) |
| ureteroplasty | surgical repair of a ureter |
| ureteroileostomy | new opening between a ureter and the ileum (for removal or urine after cystectomy) |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| urethroplasty | surgical reapir of the urethra |
| urethral stricture | narrowing of the urethra |
| intravesical | pertaining to within the bladder |
| vesicoureteral reflux | backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters |
| albuminuria | protein in the urine |
| azotemia | nitrogen (increased amounts of nitrogenous waste) in the blood |
| bacteriuria | bacteria in urine |
| polydipsia | condition of increased thirst |
| hyperkalemia | heigh levels of potassium in the blood |
| ketosis | abnormal condition of ketones in the blood and body tissues |
| ketonuria | keone bodies (acids and acetone) in tghe urine |
| nephrolithiasis | abnormal condition of kidney stones |
| hyponatremia | low levels of sodium in the blood |
| nocturia | excessive urination at night |
| oliguria | scanty urination |
| erythropoietin | hormone secreted by the kidney to increase red blood cell formation in the bone marrow |
| pyuria | pus in the urine |
| lithotripsy | process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract |
| uremia | urea (urine) in the blood; a potentially fatal condition |
| enuresis | bedwetting |
| diuresis | condition of complete (excessive) urination |
| antidiuretic hormone | secreted by the pituitary gland and helps reabsorb water from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream |
| urinary incontinence | inability to hold urine in the bladder |
| urinary retention | inability to realease urine from the bladder |
| dysuria | painful, difficult urination |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| glycosuria | sugar in the urine |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| acetone | a type of ketone biody; are formed when fatty acids are broken down |
| antidiuetic hormone | secreted by the pituitary gland and helps reabsorb water from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream |
| anuria | No urine is produced |
| arteriole | Small artery |
| calyx | Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis |
| catheter | Tube for injecting or removing fluids |
| cortex | Outer region f an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney |
| cortical | pertaining to the cortex |
| creatine | Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
| creatinine clearance | is a measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing (clearing) creatinine from the blood |
| cystoscopy | Direct visualization of teh urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope) |
| diabetes insipidus | Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect |
| diabetes mellitus | Insulin is not secreted adequately or not used propertly in the body |
| edema | swelling caused by fluid in tissue spaces |
| electrolyte | Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water |
| essential hypertension | when the cause of high blood pressure is not known. |
| filtration | Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter. |
| glomerulonephritis | Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney |
| glomerulus | Tiny ball of capillaries in te kidney |
| hemodialysis | uses an artificial kidney machine that recieves waste-filled blood, filters it, and returns the dialyzed blood to patient's body |
| hilum | Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
| interstitial nephritis | Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
| kidney | One of the two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; it filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to and from urine |
| meatus | opening or canal |
| medulla | Inner region of an organ |
| medullary | pertaining to the medulla |
| nephron | Combination of glomerulas and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney |
| nephrotic syndrome | Groups of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine |
| nitrogenous waste | substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine |
| parenchyma | is the essential and distinctive tissue of an organ |
| peritoneal dialysis | uses a peritoneal catheter to introduce fluid into the peritoneal cavity. |
| phenylketonuria (PKU) | lack of Phenylketones, which results in high levels of phenylalanine in an infants bloodstream |
| polycystic kidney disease | Multiple fluid-filled cacs (cysts) within and on the kidney |
| potassium (K+) | An electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained in the blood. Potassium is essential for allowing muscle contraction and conduction of nervous impulses |
| pyelonephritis | Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
| reabsorption | process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
| renal angiography | x-ray examination(with contrast) fo the blood vessels of the kidney |
| renal angioplasty | Dialation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
| renal artery | Blood vessel that carrries blood to the kidney |
| renal calculi | Kidney stones |
| renal cell carcinoma | cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
| renal failure | Kidney decreases excretion of wastes as a result of impaired filtration function |
| renal hypertension | High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
| renal pelvis | Central collecting region of the kidney |
| renal transplantation | Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
| renal tubule | Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
| renal vein | Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and towards the heart |
| renin | Hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels) |
| retrograde pyelogram | x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder |
| secondary hypertention | high blood pressure caused by an abnormal condition. |
| sodium | An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys: needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions |
| stricture | abnormal opening of an opening or passageway |
| trigone | Trinagular area of the urinary bladder |
| urea | Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
| ureter | One of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| urethra | Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| uric acid | Nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
| urinalysis | examiination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements tha may indicate various pathologic conditions |
| urinary bladder | Hollow; muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
| urinary catheterization | Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
| urination (voiding) | Process of expelling urine; also called micturition |
| voiding cystourethrogram | x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained wehile the patient is voiding |
| Wilms tumor | Malignant tumor of the kidney occuring in childhood |
Created by:
mscardenas
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