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Medterm-2 paep
Body structure & Pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cyto | cell |
| histo | tissue |
| karyo | nucleus |
| nucleo | nucleus |
| antero | anterior, front |
| caudo | tail |
| cranio | cranium |
| disto | far, fathest |
| dorso | back |
| intero | lower, below |
| latero | side |
| medio | middle |
| postero | back, behind, |
| proximo | near, nearest |
| ventro | belly |
| abdomino | abdomen |
| cervico | neck, cervix uteri |
| cranio | cranium |
| gastro | stomach |
| ilio | ilium |
| inguino | groin |
| lumbo | loins |
| pelvi, pelvo | pelvis |
| spino | spine |
| thoraco | chest |
| umbilico | umbilicus, navel |
| albino | white |
| leuko | white |
| chloro | green |
| chromo | color |
| cirrho | yellow |
| jaundo | yellow |
| xantho | yellow |
| cyano | blue |
| erythro | red |
| melano | black |
| polio | gray |
| acro | extremity |
| etio | cause |
| idio | unknown, peculiar |
| morpho | form, shape, structure |
| patho | disease |
| radio | radiation, x-ray, radius |
| somato | body |
| sono | sound |
| viscero | internal organs |
| xero | dry |
| genesis | forming, etc |
| gnosis | knowing |
| gram | record, writing |
| graph | instrument for recording |
| graphy | process of recording |
| logist | specialist |
| logy | study of |
| meter | instrument for measuring |
| metry | act of measuring |
| pathy | disease |
| ab | from, away from |
| ad | toward |
| hetero | different |
| homeo | same |
| infra | below, under |
| peri | around |
| super | upper, above |
| trans | across, through |
| ultra | excess, beyond |
| ant | anterior |
| AP | anteroposterior |
| Bx | biopsy |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DSA | digital subtraction angiography |
| Dx | diagnosis |
| FS | frozen section |
| I | incision and drainage |
| LAT | lateral |
| LLQ | left lower quadrant |
| LUQ | left upper quadrant |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| post | posterior |
| RF | rheumatoid factor, radio freq |
| RLQ | right lower quadrant |
| RUQ | right upper quadrant |
| sono | sonogram |
| SPECT | single photon emission computed tomography |
| Sx | symptom |
| Tx | treatment |
| UA | urinalysis |
| U | upper & lower |
| US | ultrasound ultrasonography |
| dehiscence | bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound |
| suppurative | producing or associated with generation of pus |
| fluoroscopy | radiographic technique - x-rays directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous motion images of internal structures (motion of organs, Dig tract, heart, joints, place catheters) |
| curretage | scraping of body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette |
| adhesion | abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated |
| analyte | substance analyzed or tested, generally by means of laboratory methods |
| contrast medium | substance injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic images of internal structures that otherwise are difficult to visualize on x-ray films |
| febrile | feverish, pertaining to a fever |
| homeostasis | relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjustment in response to external or internal changes |
| inflammation | body defense against injury, infection or allergy that is marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and sometimes, loss of function |
| morbid | diseased, pertaining to a disease |
| nuclear medicine | branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research |
| radiology | medical specialty concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for dx and tx of disease and injury |
| interventional radiology | radiological practice that employs fluoroscopy, CT, and ultrasound in nonsurgical tx of various disorders |
| therapeutic radiology | use of ionizing radiation in the tx of cancer, also called radiation oncology |
| radionuclides | substances that emit radiation spontaneously, also called tracers |
| radiopharmaceutical | radionuclide attached to a protein, or other substance used to visualize an organ or area of the body that will be scanned |
| scan | term used to describe a computerized image by modality or by structure |
| sepsis | pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream |
| endoscopy | visual exam of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope |
| laparoscopy | visual exam of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very samll incisions in the abdominal wall |
| thoracoscopy | exam of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs |
| complete blood count | common blood test that counts RBC, WBC, and platelets, measures Hemoglobin, estimales red cell volume, and sorts WBC into five subtypes with percentages |
| urinalysis | common urine screening test that evaluates the physical, chemical and microscopic properties of urine |
| computed tomography | achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles (tumor, bone displacement, fluid acc.) |
| Doppler | ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood-flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves and peripheral vessels by reflecting sound waves off moving blood cells |
| magnetic resonance imaging | noninvasive imaging technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field rather than an x-ray beam to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images (CNS) |
| nuclear scan | diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material (tracer) that is introduced to the body and a specialized camera to produce images of organs and structures |
| PET | scanning technique using CT to record the positrons emitted from a radiopharm, that produces a cross-sectinoal image of metabolic activity in tissues to determine presence of disease (brain, NS - schizo, tumors, epilepsy, stroke, alzheimer, card&pul) |
| radiography | imaging technique that uses xrays passed through the body or area and captured on a film, called xray (denser - white, softer - gray) |
| SPECT | radiological technique that integrates CT and tracer injected to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs (tracer is not absorbed (as in PET), blood flow through a&v in brain) |
| tomography | radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross-section, or slice, of an area, tissue, or organ at a predetermined depth (CT, PET, SPECT) |
| ultrasonography (US) | imaging procedure using high-freq sound waves that disply the reflected echoes on a monitor - echo/echography (no xray - fetus, neck, abdomen, pelvis, brain, heart) |
| biopsy | representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic exam |
| frozen section biopsy | ultra-thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate path. exam. (onco in OR) |
| needle biopsy | removal of small tissue sample for exam using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe |
| punch biopsy | removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow instrument (punch) - anesthetic & suture |
| shave biopsy | removal of tissue using a surgical blade to shave elevated lesions |
| ablation | removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio freq. |
| anastomosis | surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another |
| cauterize | destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals |
| incision and drainage | inciscion made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity |
| radical dissection | surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant and decrease the chance of recurrence |
| laser surgery | surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues |
| resection | partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure |
Created by:
lisaseib
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