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CDC 1-2
Heart structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The right and left sides of the heart are divided by a wall called the _____. | septum |
| The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is the _____. | mitral (bicuspid) valve |
| The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is called the ______. | tricuspid valve |
| A third valve called the _____ is located between the left ventricle and the aorta. | aortic valve |
| The fourth valve leads from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. This valve is called the _____. | pulmonary valve |
| Adults have approximately __ liters of blood in their body. | 5 |
| In a blood sample, __ percent of the sample is plasma and the other __ percent is blood cells. | 55 & 45 |
| The percentage of cells is called the _____. Ninety-nine percent of these cells are RBCs, while the remaining one percent is WBCs and platelets. | hematocrit or packed cell volume |
| RBCs contain a substance called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the portion of the blood that contains oxygen and gives the blood its red color. | Red blood cells (erythrocytes). Approximately one million new RBCs are produced by the bone marrow every second. They live for 3 to 4 months. As the RBCs become old, the liver and spleen destroy them. |
| These are colorless cells that protect the body against infection. When an infectious agent invades the body, WBCs reproduce very rapidly to combat the infection. | White blood cells (leukocytes). This is why a high WBC count detected in a blood test is a good indication of the presence of some type of infection. WBCs are also produced by the bone marrow. They live for about 9 days. |
| Platelets are responsible for the blood’s clotting action. They are produced by the bone marrow and live for approximately 4 days. | Platelets (thrombocytes) |
| _____ is the sticky liquid portion of the blood, which consists mostly of water. The function of the _____ is to transport the blood cells throughout the circulatory system. | Plasma. Plasma also carries other nutrients and chemical substances throughout the body and transports waste products. |
| The pressure that blood exerts against the walls of the arteries during the pumping (systole) action of the heart is called the _____ blood pressure. | systolic |
| When the heart muscle rests between each contraction (diastole), the pressure that remains in the system is known as the _____ blood pressure. | diastolic |
Created by:
jhey33
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