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Government Test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was established under Article 1, Section 1? | Congress |
| How many members are there in Congress? | 435 |
| How old do you have to be to be in the House of Representatives? | 25 |
| How old do you have to be to be in the Senate? | 30 |
| How many years should you be a resident of the state to be in the House of Representatives? | 7 |
| How many years do you have to be a resident of the state in order to be in the Senate? | 9 |
| What is the term for the House of Representatives? | 2 years |
| What is the term for the Senate? | 6 years |
| What is a legislature divided into 2 houses? | Bicameral Legislature |
| What is the proportional process of allotting congressional seats to each state following the decennial census? | apportionment |
| What is the redrawing of congressional districts to reflect increase or decrease in seat alloted to the states, as well as population shifts within a state? | redistricting |
| What is the redrawing of districts to benefit political parties? | gerrymander |
| What is a proposed law? | bill |
| What is it called when the president only changes certain lines in a bill? | line item veto |
| Who is the only officer of the House of Reps specifically mentioned in the Constitution? | Speaker of the House |
| What is the political party in each house of Congress with the most members? | majority party |
| What is the political party in each house of Congress with the 2nd most members? | minority party |
| Who is the leader of the Senate? | VP |
| What is a formal gathering of all party members? | party caucus |
| Who is the elected leader of the party controlling the most seats in the House of Reps or the Senate and the second in authority to the Speaker and is regarded as the most powerful member in the Senate? | majority leader |
| Who is the elected leader who keeps close contact with all party members and takes a "nose count" on key votes, prepares summaries of bills, and in general acts as a communications link within the party? | whip |
| Who is the elected leader of the party with the 2nd highest number of the elected representatives in the House of Reps of the Senate? | minority leader |
| What is legislation that allows reps to "bring home the bacon" to their districts in the form of public works programs, military bases, or other programs designed to benefit their districts directly? | pork |
| What is vote trading? | logrolling |
| What is the time of continuous service on a committee? | seniority |
| What is the role played by elected reps who vote the way their constituents would want them to regardless of their own opinion? | delegate |
| What is the period during which a person is in office? | incumbency |
| What is the political condition in which different political parties control the White House and Congress? | divided government |
| What is a tactic by which a senator asks to be informed before a particular bill is brought to the floor? | hold |
| What is a formal way of halting action on a bill by means of long speeches or unlimited debate in the Senate? | filibuster |
| What is a mechanism requiring 60 senators to vote to cut off debate? | cloture |
| What is congressional review of the activities of an agency, department, or office? | oversight |
| What is the process whereby Congress can nullify agency regulations by a joint resolution of legislative disapproval? | congressional review |
| What is the process by which presidents, when selecting districts court judges, defer to the senator in whose state the vacancy occurs? | senatorial courtesy |
| What article says that all judicial power is vested in one Supreme Court and such inferior courts? | Article 3, Section 1 |
| What created a 3 tier court system? | Judiciary Act of 1789 |
| What gave birth to the judicial concept of judicial review? | Marbury vs. Madison 1803 |
| What is the power of the court to review acts of the other branches of government and states? | judicial review |
| How many members are in the Supreme Court? | 9 |
| What is the test of ideological purity in selecting judges? | Litmus Test |
| What is a request for the Court to order up the records from a lower court to review the case? | Writ of Certiorari |
| What is it when at least 4 justices in the Supreme Court must vote to consider a case before it can be heard? | Rule of Four |
| What is a Supreme Court opinion written by one or more justices in the majority to explain the decision in a case? | opinion of the court |
| What is a Supreme Court opinion by one or more justices who agree with the majority's conclusion by for different reasons? | concurrent opinion |
| What is a Supreme court opinion by one or more justices on the minority to explain the minority's disagreement with the court's ruling? | dissenting opinion |
| What is the document that contains the legal written arguments in a case filled with a court by a party prior to a hearing or trial? | brief |
| What is a prior judicial decision that serves as a rule for settling subsequent cases of a similar nature? | precedent |
| What concluded that the U.S. Congress lacked the constitutional authority to ban slavery in the territories? | Dread Scott vs. Sandford 1857 |
| What are codes of behavior related to the protection of property and individual safety? | criminal law |
| What are codes of behavior related to business and contractual relationships between groups and individuals? | civil law |
| What are courts of original jurisdiction where a case begins? | trial |
| What are courts that generally review only finding of law made by lower courts? | appellate courts |
| What is a third party to a lawsuit who files a legal brief for the purpose of raising additional points of view in an attempt to influence a court's decision? | amicus curiae |
| What is the 4th ranking member of the Department of Justice who is responsible for handling all appeals on behalf of the U.S. government to the Supreme Court? | solicitor general |
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