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Epilepsy by VanNess
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define seizure. | paroxysmal event due to abnormal, excessive, hypersynchronous discharges from aggregates of CNS neurons |
| epilepsy | condition of recurrent seizures due to chronic underlying process |
| epilepsy syndrome | group of clinical and/or pathologic characteristics that are distinctive and suggest a specific etiology |
| cryptogenic seizures | seizures presumed to be happening but without proof |
| idiopathic seizures | no obvious pathology or structural brain disorder behind seizure disorder |
| List 3 special populations at higher risk for epilepsy. | minorities, those with MR, CP, disabilities, Alzheimer's, post-stroke, children of those with epilepsy |
| single most important test for evaluation of epilepsy | EEG with MRI being a close 2nd |
| Classification of seizures and epilepsies is essential for: (3 reasons) | in order to focus dx on particular etiology, to select appropriate therapy, provide info about prognosis |
| Contrast partial and generalized seizures. | partial: unilateral origin on EEG, sx consistent with focal origin generalized: bilat origin on EEG, sx c/w nonfocal origin |
| Contrast the subtypes of partial sz - complex and simple. | simple: consciousness preserved complex: LOC |
| If a pt comes in stating she hears voices sometimes interlaced with music in the background, besides schizophrenia, what is another DDx? | simple partial seizure causing auditory hallucinations |
| Simple partial seizures with psychic symptoms are generally localized to what cortical region? | temporal lobe, can be faithfully reproduced with electrical stimulation |
| Describe an automatism. | any automatic action that is indicative of one's particular type of sz - ex: lip smacking, hands clutching the air, etc. |
| What is the most common cortical location that causes localized and symptomatic epilepsies? | temporal lobe |
| List the types of generalized seizures. | absence, myoclonic, clonic, tonic, tonic-clonic, atonic |
| What two pieces of information are most helpful in narrowing down the type of sz afflicting a pt? | age and description of the sz activity |
| most common cause of epilepsy in early adulthood (especially males) | trauma - war, boxing, football concussions 2nd - EtOH, drugs |
| You are attending a 50 y/o Mexican man in the ER who has just had his first seizure. On CT scan, you note plaques on the brain that are very characteristic. Diagnosis: | cysticercosis |
| The most common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy: | right hippocampal sclerosis, detectable on MRI |
Created by:
sirprakes
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