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GE 258 Exam 7.1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Layers of the Epidermis from superficial to deep: | stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale |
| common skin condition in which there is excess blood near the surface of the skin | ERYTHEMA |
| COMMON SKIN CONDITION IN WHICH THE CAUSES INCLUDE IRRITATION, ALLERGY, EMBARRASSMENT | ERYTHEMA |
| COMMON SKIN CONDITION IN WHICH THERE IS A YELLOWING OF THE SKIN AND SCLERA OF THE EYE | JAUNDICE |
| COMMON SKIN CONDITION IN WHICH THE CAUSE IS DEPOSITION OF BILE PIGMENTS IN TISSUE | JAUNDICE |
| COMMON SKIN CONDITION IN WHICH THERE IS A "METALLIC" BRONZING OF THE SKIN | ADDISION'S DISEASE |
| COMMON SKIN CONDITION IN WHICH THE CAUSE IS ADRENAL HYPOFUNCTION | ADDISION'S DISEASE |
| COMMON SKIN CONDITION IN WHICH THERE IS BLOOD CLOTTING BELOW THE SKIN SURFACE | BRUISING |
| BONE BUILDING ESSENTIALS ARE | DIETARY PROTEIN, VITAMINS A, C & D, MINERALS (CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, MAGNESIUM & MANGANESE |
| BONE-FORMING CELLS | OSTEOBLASTS |
| MATURE BONE CELLS | OSTEOCYTES |
| LARGE CELLS THAT RESORB OR BREAK DOWN BONE MATRIX | OSTEOCLASTS |
| UNMINERALIZED BONE MATRIX COMPOSED OF PROTEOGLYCANS, GLYCOPROTEINS, AND COLLAGEN | OSTEOID |
| THE PROCESS OF BONE TISSUE FORMATION | OSTEOGENESIS AND OSSIFICATION |
| OSTEOGENESIS AND OSSIFICATION LEADS TO | FORMATION OF BONY SKELETON IN EMBRYOS, BONE GROWTH UNTIL EARLY ADULTHOOD, BONE THICKNESS, REMODELING, AND REPAIR |
| FORMATION OF BONY SKELETON BEGINS AT | WEEK 8 OF EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT |
| FORMATION OF BONY SKELETON INVOVLES ___ AND ___ | INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION AND ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION |
| PROCESS IN WHICH BONE DEVELOPS FROM A FIBROUS MEMBRANE | INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION |
| PROCESS IN WHICH BONE FORMS BY REPLACING HYALINE CARTILAGE | ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION |
| CONDITION OF THE BONE IN WHICH BONE RESORPTION OUTPACES BONE DEPOSIT | OSTEOPOROSIS |
| CONDITION OF THE BONE IN WHICH THERE IS AN INADEQUATE MINIERALIZATION, THE OSTEOID IS PRODUCED BY THERE IS NO CALCIUM SALTS OR THERE IS A LACK OF VIT. D | OSTEOMALACIA |
| CONDITION OF THE BONE WHICH OCCURS IN CHILDREN AND IS MORE SEVERE IN WHICH THERE IS INADEQUATE MINERALIZATION, OSTEOID PRODUCED BUT NO CALCIUM SALTS OR A LACK OF VIT. D | RICKETS |
| ___ ARE THE WEAKEST PART OF THE SKELETON | JOINTS (ARTICULATIONS) |
| ___ IS THE SITE WHERE TWO OR MORE BONES MEET | ARTICULATION |
| FUNCTIONS OF JOINTS INCLUDE: | GIVING THE SKELETON MOBILITY, HOLDING THE SKELETON TOGETHER |
| THREE FUNCTION CLASSES OF JOINTS ARE: | SYNARTHROSES, AMPHIATHROSES, DIARTHROSES |
| JOINT THAT IS IMMOVABLE | SYNARTHROSES |
| JOINT THAT IS SLIGHTLY MOVABLE | AMPHIARTHROSES |
| JOINT THAT IS FREELY MOVABLE | DIARTHROSES |
| ___ CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS FOCUSES ON THE MATERIAL BINDING BONES TOGETHER AND WHETHER OR NOT A JOINT CAVITY IS PRESENT | STRUCTURAL |
| THE THREE STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS ARE: | FIBROUS, CARTILAGINOUS, SYNOVIAL |
| THE BONES OF THIS TYPE OF JOINT ARE JOINED TOGETHER BY FIBROUS TISSUES | FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT |
| THERE IS NO JOINT CAVITY IN THIS TYPE OF JOINT | FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT |
| MOST OF THESE TYPE OF JOINTS ARE IMMOVABLE | FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT |
| THE THREE TYPES OF FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINTS ARE | SUTURES, SYNDESMOSES, AND GOMPHOSES |
| FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT THAT OCCUR BETWEEN THE BONES OF THE SKULL | SUTURES |
| FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT THAT COMPRISED OF INTERLOCKING JUNCTION COMPLETELY FILLED WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE FIBERS | SUTURES |
| FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT THAT BINDS BONES TIGHTLY TOGETHER, BUT ALLOW FOR GROWTH DURING YOUTH | SUTURES |
| FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT THAT IN MIDDLE AGE, SKULL BONES FUSE AND ARE CALLED SYNOSTOSES | SUTURES |
| FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT THAT BONES ARE CONNECTED BY A FRIBROUS TISSUE LIGAMENT | SYNDESMOSES |
| FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT IN WHICH MOVEMENT VARIES FROM IMMOVABLE TO SLIGHTLY VARIABLE | SYNDESMOSES |
| EXAMPLE OF SYNDESMOSES FIBROUS STRUCTURAL JOINT | CONNECTION BETWEEN THE TIBIA AND FIBULA, AND THE RADIUS AND ULNA |
| THIS TYPE OF JOINT'S ARTICULATING BONES ARE UNITED BY CARTILAGE | CARTILAGINOUS JOINT |
| THIS TYPE OF JOINT LACK A JOINT CAVITY | CARTILAGINOUS JOINT |
| THE TWO TYPES OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINT ARE | SYNCHONDROSES AND SYMPHYSES |
| CARTILAGINOUS JOINT IN WHICH A BAR OR PLATE OF HYALINE CARTILAGE UNITES THE BONES | SYNCHONDROSES |
| CARTILAGINOUS JOINT IN WHICH ALL THEY ARE ALL SYNARTHROTIC | SYNCHONDROSES |
| SOME EXAMPLES OF SYNCHONDROSES CARTILAGINOUS JOINT INCLUDE: | EPIPHYSEAL PLATES OF CHILDREN AND JOINT BETWEEN THE COSTAL CARTILAGE OF THE FIRST RIB AND THE STERNUM |
| TYPE OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINT IN WHICH HYALINE CARTILAGE COVERS THE ARTICULATING SURFACE OF THE BONE AND IS FUSED TO AN INTERVENING PAD OF FIBROCARTILAGE | SYMPHYSES |
| TYPE OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINT THAT IS AMPHIARTHROTIC JOINTS DESIGNED FOR STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY | SYMPHYSES |
| EXAMPLES OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS INCLUDE | INTERVERTEBRAL JOINTS AND THE PUBLIC SYMPHYSIS OF THE PELVIS |
| TYPE OF JOINT IN WHICH THE ARTICULATING BONES ARE SEPARATED BY A FLUID-CONTAINING JOINT CAVITY | SYNOVIAL JOINT |
| TYPE OF JOINT THAT IS FREELY MOVABLE | SYNOVIAL JOINT |
| EXAMPLES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS: | ALL LIMB JOINTS, AND MOST JOINTS OF THE BODY |
| SYNOVIAL JOINTS ALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING GENERAL STRUCTURE: | ARTICULAR CARTILAGE, JOINT (SYNOVIAL)CAVITY, ARTICULAR CAPSULE, SYNOVIAL FLUID, REINFORCING LIGAMENTS |
| AN INFLAMMATION OF A BURSA, USUALLY CAUSED BY A BLOW OR FRICTION | BURSITIS |
| SYMPTOMS OF BURSITITS: | PAIN AND SWELLING |
| INFLAMMATION OF TENDON SHEATHS TYPICALLY CAUSED BY OVERUSE | TENDONITIS |
| MOST COMMON TYPE OF CHRONIC ARTHRITIS | OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| OFTEN CALLED THE "WEAR-AND-TEAR" ARTHRITIS | OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| ARTHRITIS THAT IS CONSIDERED A NON-INFLAMMATORY CONDITION | OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| ARTHRITIS THAT AFFECTS WOMEN MORE THAN MEN | OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| 85% OF ALL AMERICANS DEVELOP ___ | OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| ARTHRITIS THAT IS MORE PREVALENT IN THE AGED, AND IS PROBABLY RELATED TO THE NORMAL AGING PROCESS | OSTEOARTHRITIS |
| CHRONIC,INFLAMMATORY, AUTOIMMUNE DISEAE OF UNKNOWN CAUSE, WITH AN INSIDIOUS ONSET | RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS |
| ___ BEGINS WITH SYNOVITIS OF THE AFFECTED JOINT | RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS |
| INFLAMMATORY CHEMCIALS ARE INAPPROPRIATELY RELEASED AND MIGRATE TO THE JOINT CAUSING SWELLING | RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS |
| DEPOSITION OF URIC ACID CRYSTALS IN JOINTS AND SOFT TISSUES FOLLOW BY AN INFLAMMATION RESPONSE | GOUTY ARTHRITIS |
| TYPICALLY AFFECTS THE JOINT AT THE BASE OF THE GREAT TOE | GOUTY ARTHRITIS |
| AN ELABORATE, SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM THAT MOSTLY RUNS LOGITUDINALLY AND SURROUNDS EACH MYOFIBRIL | SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM |
| FUCTIONS IN THE REGULATION OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM LEVELS | SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM |
| THE SMALLEST CONTRACTILE UNIT OF A MUSCLE | SARCOMERES |
| THICK FILAMENTS ARE COMPOSED THE ___ ___ | PROTEIN MYOSIN |
| EACH MYOSIN MOLECULE HAS A ___ AND ___ ___ | ROD-LIKE TAIL AND TWO GOLBULAR HEAD |
| THE THREE CONNECTIVE TISSUE SHEATHS ARE: | ENDOMYSIUM, PERIMYSIUM, EPIMYSIUM |
| FINE SHEATH OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE COMPOSED OF RETICULAR FIBERS SURROUNDING EACH MUSCLE FIBER | ENDOMYSIUM |
| FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT SURROUNDS GROUPS OF MUSCLE FIBERS CALLED FASCICLES | PERIMYSIUM |
| AN OVERCOAT OF DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT SURROUNDS THE ENTIRE MUSCLE | EPIMYSIUM |
| THIN FILAMENTS ARE CHIEFLY COMPOSED OF THE | PROTEIN ACTIN |
| ___ CONDUCT IMPULSES TO THE DEEPEST REGIONS OF THE MUSCLE | T-TUBULES |
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evang
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