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LOM Ch 15 Vocab

Pathology and Misc

QuestionAnswer
diaphysis middle region of long bone
epiphysis end of long bone
epiphyseal plate area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replace by new bone tissue (growth plate)
metaphysis flared portion of bone thatlieds between the epiphysis and diaphysis
periosteum fibrous vascular membrane surrounding the bone
red bone marrow consists of immature and mature blood cells in various stages of develoment
yellow bone marrow composed mainly of fat cells
tubercle rounded process on bones for attachemtn of tendons and muscles
bone head rounded end of bone
tubercle rounded process on the femur for attachment of tendons and muscles
condyle rounded, knuckle-like process at the joint
fossa shallow cavity in bone
foramen opening in bone for blood vessels and nerves
fissure narrow, deep lit-like opening in bone
sinus hollow cavity within a bone
sutures joints in the skull
trabeculae supportinb bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone
acetabulum rounded depression i the pelvis that joins the femur
haversian canals minute spaced filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone
Ewing sarcoma rare malignant tumor arising in bone usually in children
exostosis bony growth (benign)arising from surface of bone
fracture traumatic breaking of a bone
osteogenic sarcom common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts
comminuted fracture shattered
greenstick fracture fracture that does not penetrate through both sides of bone
compound fracture broken bone extends through the skin
impacted fracture two sides of bone pushed into each other
colles fracture fracture at wrist
compression fracture bone collapses or is compressed
osteomalacia softening of the bone
osteomyelitis inflammation of the bone (secondary to infection)
osteoporosis decrease in bone density
talipes congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (clubfoot)
ankylosing spondylitis chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joint - primarily the spine
gouty arthritis inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid
osteoarthritis (OA) progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertropy of bone
rheumatoid arthritis chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain caused by autoimmune reaction
carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the boners and tendons of the wrist
dislocation displacement of a bone from its joint
ganglion fluid-filled cyst arising from joint capsules - usually in the hand
disc herniation abnormal protrusion of an intervetebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves
sprain trauma to a joint without rupture
strain overstretching of a muscle
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs
striated muscle voluntary; skeletal muscles
smooth muscle involuntary; visceral muscles
cardiac muscle striated in appearance but like smooth muscle in action
flexion bending a limb
extension extending a limb
abduction away from midline
adduction toward midline
rotation circular movement around an axis
dorsiflexion foot bending upward
plantar flexion foot bending downward
supination act of turning palm up
pronation act of turning palm down
polymyositis chronic inflammatory muscle disease
muscular dystrophy group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system
Created by: cskinner
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