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LOM Ch 15 Vocab
Pathology and Misc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| diaphysis | middle region of long bone |
| epiphysis | end of long bone |
| epiphyseal plate | area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replace by new bone tissue (growth plate) |
| metaphysis | flared portion of bone thatlieds between the epiphysis and diaphysis |
| periosteum | fibrous vascular membrane surrounding the bone |
| red bone marrow | consists of immature and mature blood cells in various stages of develoment |
| yellow bone marrow | composed mainly of fat cells |
| tubercle | rounded process on bones for attachemtn of tendons and muscles |
| bone head | rounded end of bone |
| tubercle | rounded process on the femur for attachment of tendons and muscles |
| condyle | rounded, knuckle-like process at the joint |
| fossa | shallow cavity in bone |
| foramen | opening in bone for blood vessels and nerves |
| fissure | narrow, deep lit-like opening in bone |
| sinus | hollow cavity within a bone |
| sutures | joints in the skull |
| trabeculae | supportinb bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone |
| acetabulum | rounded depression i the pelvis that joins the femur |
| haversian canals | minute spaced filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone |
| Ewing sarcoma | rare malignant tumor arising in bone usually in children |
| exostosis | bony growth (benign)arising from surface of bone |
| fracture | traumatic breaking of a bone |
| osteogenic sarcom | common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts |
| comminuted fracture | shattered |
| greenstick fracture | fracture that does not penetrate through both sides of bone |
| compound fracture | broken bone extends through the skin |
| impacted fracture | two sides of bone pushed into each other |
| colles fracture | fracture at wrist |
| compression fracture | bone collapses or is compressed |
| osteomalacia | softening of the bone |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone (secondary to infection) |
| osteoporosis | decrease in bone density |
| talipes | congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (clubfoot) |
| ankylosing spondylitis | chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joint - primarily the spine |
| gouty arthritis | inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid |
| osteoarthritis (OA) | progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertropy of bone |
| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain caused by autoimmune reaction |
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) | compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the boners and tendons of the wrist |
| dislocation | displacement of a bone from its joint |
| ganglion | fluid-filled cyst arising from joint capsules - usually in the hand |
| disc herniation | abnormal protrusion of an intervetebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves |
| sprain | trauma to a joint without rupture |
| strain | overstretching of a muscle |
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart and lungs |
| striated muscle | voluntary; skeletal muscles |
| smooth muscle | involuntary; visceral muscles |
| cardiac muscle | striated in appearance but like smooth muscle in action |
| flexion | bending a limb |
| extension | extending a limb |
| abduction | away from midline |
| adduction | toward midline |
| rotation | circular movement around an axis |
| dorsiflexion | foot bending upward |
| plantar flexion | foot bending downward |
| supination | act of turning palm up |
| pronation | act of turning palm down |
| polymyositis | chronic inflammatory muscle disease |
| muscular dystrophy | group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system |
Created by:
cskinner
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