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Chapter 13 Skeletal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| NAME THE 5 GENERAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM | 1.SUPPORTS AND STABILIZES SURROUNDING TISSUE 2.PROTECTS VITAL ORGANS 3. ASSISTS IN BODY MOVEMENT (LOCOMOTION) 4. MANUFACTURE BLOOD CELLS 5. BONES ARE STORAGE AREA |
| WHAT TISSUE DOES THE SKELETAL SYS SUPPORT | MUSCLES, BLOOD VESSELS, NERVES, FAT AND SKIN |
| WITHOUT THE SUPPORT OF TISSUE BY THE SKELETAL SYSTEM WE WOULD JUST BE A | LUMP |
| WHAT VITAL ORGANS DOES THE SKELETAL SYS PROTECT | BRAIN, SPINAL CORD,HEART AND LUNGS |
| WHAT IS LOCOMOTION | MOVEMENT |
| THE SKELETAL SYS ASSISTS IN BODY MOVEMENT BY PROVIDING | ATTACHMENTS FOR MUSCLES THAT PULL ON THE BONES THAT ACT AS LEVERS |
| WHERE DOES HEMATOPOIESIS OCCUR IN THE SKELETAL SYS | BONE MARROW |
| WHAT DO THE BONES STORE | FAT, MINERAL SALTS, ESP PHOSPHORUS (P) AND CALCIUM (Ca) |
| WHAT IS LOCATED AT THE ENDS OF THE LONG BONES | CANCELLOUS (SPONGY) BONE |
| AT THE ENDS OF THE LONG BONES ARE MESHWORK OF INTERCONNECTING SECTIONS CALLED | CANCELLOUS (SPONGY) BONE |
| THE SPACES WITHIN THE CANCELLOUS BONES ARE FILLED WITH | RED BONE MARROW |
| RED BONE MARROW ARE FOUND IN LARGER QUANTITIES IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL), VEREBRAE (BACKBONE), STERNUM (BREAST BONE), PELVIC BONE (ILIUM, ISCHIUM, PUBIS) |
| WHAT IS A COMMON SITE FOR BONE MARROW EXTRACTION | ILIAC CREST |
| WHAT IS HEMATOPOREUS | CREATION OF BLOOD |
| YELLOW BONE MARROW IS FOUND IN THE | MEDULLARY CAVITY OF THE SHAFTS OF THE LONG BONES |
| YELLOW BONE MARROW IS PRIMARILY MADE UP OF | FAT CELLS (ADIPOSE TISSUE) |
| THE SHAFT OF THE LONG BONE IS CALLED | DIAPHYSIS |
| WHAT ARE THE TWO EXTREMITIES OF THE LONG BONES CALLED | EPIPHYSES (2 ENDS) |
| THE SECTIONS OF THE LONG BONES THAT GROW VERTICALLY ARE CALLED | EPIPHYSES (GROWTH PLATES) |
| THE FIBROVASCULAR MEMBRANE THAT COVERS A BONE IS CALLED | PERIOSTEUM (OUTER COVERING) |
| ALL BONES ARE SURROUNDED BY WHAT MEMBRANE | PERIOSTEUM |
| THE TISSUE FOUND BETWEEN ARTICULATING BONES THAT ACT AS A SHOCK ABSORBER AND REDUCES FRICTION IS CALLED | CARTILAGE |
| WHAT DOES ARTICULATING MEAN | MOVE |
| CARTILAGE CAN ALSO BE REFFERED TO AS A | MENISCUS |
| WHAT DOES A MENISCUS DO | REDUCE FRICTION - SHOCK ABSORBER |
| CARTILAGE IS AKA | MENISCUS |
| THE TISSUE THAT BINDS ARTICULATING BONES TOGETHER AND ALLOWS A CERTAIN ROM IS CALLED | LIGAMENTS |
| ROM AKA | RANGE OF MOTION |
| TISSUE THAT CONNECTS MUSCLES TO BONES ARE CALLED | TENDONS |
| WHICH TISSUE DOES NOT STRETCH AND IS TUFF | TENDONS |
| WHAT IS THE FORMATION OF BONE CALLED | OSSIFICATION |
| OSSIFICATION IS THE | FORMATION OF BONE |
| BONE CELLS ARE CALLED | OSTEOCYTES |
| OSTEOCYTES ARE | BONE CELLS |
| WHAT ARE THE CLASSIFICATIONS FOR OSTEOCYTES | OSTEOBLASTS AND OSTEOCLASTS |
| WHAT CLASSIFICATION OF OSTEOCYTES WILL BUILD BONE | OSTEOBLASTS |
| WHAT CLASSIFICATION OF OSTEOCYTES WILL REMOVE BONE (REABSORB) | OSTEOCLASTS |
| WHAT IS REQUIRED TO STIMULATE OSTEOBLASTS | MOVEMENT |
| OSTEOCLAST NEED WHAT TO FUNCTION | NOTHING |
| BONES WHOSE LENGTH EXCEED THEIR WIDTH ARE CALLED | LONG BONES |
| LONG BONES INCLUDE | CLAVICLE, HUMERUS, RADIUS, ULNA, FEMUR, TIBIA, FIBULA, MEDACARPALS, MEDATARSALS, PHALANGES |
| CLAVICLE AKA | COLLAR BONE |
| HUMERUS AKA | SUPERIOR ARM BONE |
| RADIUS | LATERAL INFERIOR ARM BONE |
| ULNA | MEDIAL INFERIOR ARM BONE |
| FEMUR | THIGH - SUPERIOR LEG |
| WHAT BONE IS THE LARAGEST BONE IN THE BODY | FEMUR |
| TIBIA AKA | ANTERIOR INFERIOR LEG BONE - SHIN |
| FIBULA AKA | POSTERIOR INFERIOR LEG BONE |
| MEDACARPALS AKA | HANDBONES |
| MEDATARSALS AKA | FOOTBONES |
| PHALANGES AKA | FINGERS AND TOES |
| BONES WITHOUT A SHAFT ARE CALLED | SHORT BONES |
| SHORT BONES ARE | CARPALS, TARSALS |
| CARPALS ARE FOUND IN THE | WRIST |
| CARPALS ARE ARRANGED IN HOW MANY ROWS | TWO |
| HOW MANY CARPALS ARE IN EACH ROW IN THE WRIST | 4 EACH |
| THE PROXIMINAL ROW OF CARPALS ARE | PISIFORM, TRIQUETRIUM, LUNATE, SCAPHOID |
| THE DISTAL ROW OF CARPALS ARE | HAMATE, CAPITATE, TRAPEZOID, TRAPEZIUM |
| TARSALS AKA | ANKEL BONES (SHORT BONES) |
| CARPALS AKA | WRIST BONE |
| TARSALS IN THE HINDFOOT OF THE ANKLE ARE | CALCANEUS, TALUS, NAVICULAR, CUBOID |
| CALCANEUS AKA | HEEL |
| TARSALS IN THE FOREFOOT OF THE ANKLE ARE | MEDIAL OR 1ST CUNEIFORM, INTERMEDIATE OR 2ND CUNEIFORM, LATERAL OR 3RD CUNEIFORM |
| THE PLURAL OF CALCANEUS | CALCANEIUM |
| THE RADIUS RUNS ALONG THE SIDE OF THE | THUMB |
| EXAMPLES OF FLAT BONES INCLUDE | CRANIUM, STERNUM, RIBS, SCAPULA, PELVIC, PATELLA |
| CRANIUM AKA | SKULL |
| 2 PARIETAL BONES ARE FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| PARIETAL BONES AKA | CRANIAL ROOF |
| FRONTAL BONE IS FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| FRONTAL BONE AKA | FOREHEAD |
| TEMPORAL BONES ARE FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL) |
| TEMPORAL BONES AKA | TEMPLES |
| OCCIPITAL BONE IS FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| WHAT BONE IS POSTERIOR AND BASE OF THE CRANIUM | OCCIPITAL |
| ZYGOMATIC BONES ARE FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| ZYGOMATIC BONES AKA | CHEEK BONES |
| MAXILLA BONE IS FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| MAXILLA BONE AKA | SUPERIOR JAW (FIXED, DOES NOT MOVE) |
| MANDIBLE BONE IS FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| MANDIBLE BONE AKA | INFERIOR JAW (MOVES) |
| NASAL BONE FORMS | BRIDGE OF THE NOSE |
| NASAL BONE IS FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| DEPRESSION WHERE EYES ARE FOUND ARE CALLED | ORBITS AKA EYE SOCKETS |
| EYE SOCKETS ARE FOUND IN THE | CRANIUM (SKULL, FLAT BONE) |
| STERNUM AKA | BREAST BONE (FLAT BONE) |
| HOW MANY SECTIONS DOES THE STERNUM (FLAT BONE) HAVE | THREE |
| THE SUPERIOR PORTION OF THE STERNUM (FLAT BONE) IS CALLED | MANUBRIUM AKA HANDLE |
| THE MEDIAL SECTION OF THE STERNUM (FLAT BONE) IS CALLED | GLADIOLUS AKA BLADE |
| THE INFERIOR SECTION OF THE STERNUM (FLAT BONE) IS CALLED | XIPHOID PROCESS AKA TIP |
| RIBS (FLAT BONE)HAVE HOW MANY PAIRS | 12 PAIRS |
| 1-7 RIBS (FLAT BONES) ARE CALLED | VERTEBRALSTERNAL |
| VERTEBRALSTERNAL RIBS (FLAT BONES) START AT THE VERTEBRA AND CONNECT TO | THE STERNUM (FLAT BONE) |
| 8-12 RIBS (FLAT RIBS) ARE CALLED | FALSE RIBS AKA VERTEBROCHONDIAL |
| 8-12 RIBS (FLAT RIBS) ARE CALLED VERTEBROCHONDIAL RIBS BECAUSE THEY CONNECT TO | CARTILAGE OF ANOTHER RIB (AT THE STERNUM) |
| 13 & 14 RIBS ARE CALLED | FLOATING RIBS (JUST CONNECT AT THE VERTEBRAE) |
| SCAPULA (FLAT BONE) AKA | SHOULDER BONE AKA BLADE |
| THE LATERAL END OF THE SHOULDER BONE IS THE | ACROMION PROCESS |
| THE MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE ARM ARE ATTACHED TO THE SCAPULA AT THE | CORCOID PROCESS (PROTRUDES) |
| BONES THAT PROTRUDE ARE CALLED | PROCESSES |
| THE HEAD OF THE HUMERUS (SUPERIOR ARM) ARTICULATES WITH THE | GLENOID FOSSA |
| FOSSA AKA | INDENTATION |
| PELVIC (FLAT BONE) AKA | ILIA, ISCHIA, PUBIS (SINGULAR) ISIUM, ISCHIUM, PUBIS (PLURAL) |
| PATELLA (FLAT BONE) AKA | KNEE CAP |
| VERTEBRAE CONSISTS OF | VERTEBRAL BODY, VERTEBRAL (NEURAL) FORAMEN, SPINOUS PROCESS, TRANSVERSE PROCESS, LAMINA, PEDICULES |
| IN THE SPINAL COLUMN, A THICK DISK SHAPED ANTERIOR PORTION, PIERCED WITH NUMEROUS SMALL HOLES FOR NERVES AND BLOOD VESSELS THAT NOURISH THE BONE IS CALLED | THE VERTEBRAL BODY |
| IN THE SPINAL COLUMN, THE PASSAGEWAY FOR THE SPINAL CORD IS CALLED THE | VERTEBRAL FORAMEN |
| IN THE SPINAL COLUMN, THE POSTERIOR PROJECTIONS ARE CALLED | SPINOUS PROCESS |
| IN THE SPINAL COLUMN, TWO LATERAL PROJECTS (OFF TO THE SIDE) ARE CALLED | TRANSVERSE PROCESS |
| THE POSTERIOR WALL OF THE VERTEBRAL ARCH IS CALLED THE | LAMINA |
| THE SECTIONS THAT CONNECT THE VERTEBRAL BODY TO THE VERTEBRAL ARCH AND ARE NOTCHED TO ALLOW PASSAGEWAY FOR THE SPINAL NERVES ARE CALLED | PEDICULES |
| THE SURFACE OF ANY TYPICAL BONE WILL EXHIBIT BONE MARKINGS LIKE | PROJECTIONS AND DEPRESSIONS |
| BONE MARKINGS OF PROJECTIONS ARE CALLED | PROCESSES |
| BONE MARKINGS OF DEPRESSIONS IN THE BONES ARE CALLED | FOSSA OR FOSSAE |
| ANY SHARP SLENDER PROJECTION (BONE MARKING) IS REFERRED TO AS A | SPINE |
| A LARGE PROMINENCE (BONE MARKING) IS USUALLY SERVING FOR THE ATTACHMENT OF MUSCLES OR LIGAMENTS IS CALLED | TUBEROSITY |
| A ROUNDED OR KNUCKLE LIKE PROMINENCE (BONE MARKING) IS REFERRED TO AS A | CONDYLE |
| A SMALL ROUND PROCESS IS REFERRED TO AS A | TUBERCLE |
| A PROCESS SHAPED LIKE A PULLEY IS REFERRED TO AS A | TROCHLEA |
| A VERY LARGER PROJECTION IS REFERRED TO AS A | TROCHANTER |
| THE TERM TUBERCLE IS ALSO USED FOR A DISEASE CALLED | TB |
Created by:
Marie Freda
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