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MT Intro Study Guide
Intro Exam Worksheet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Word parts that come at the beginning of words | prefixes |
| Word parts that come at the end of words | suffixes |
| From which direction are medical terms broken down? | Right to left |
| What is a word root | basic meaning of the word |
| What is a combining form | a word root and vowel |
| When do you use the combining forms vowel when adding suffixes | when suffix begins with a consonant |
| List 4 major elements of which the body is made | oxygen; hydrogen; carbon; nitrogen |
| What is the basic structural unit of the body | cell |
| What is the diaphragm | Muscle of respiration that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| What is the mediastinum | space between lungs, |
| organs in the mediastinum | heart; esophagus; trachea; and great vessels |
| Encloses the cell, semipermeable, regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell | cell or plasma membrane |
| Fluid inside cell, contains nutrients, waste products, etc. that cell need to maintain proper environment | cytoplasm |
| Round body inside cell, "control center" of cell, contains cell instructions | nucleus |
| What is karyotyping | classification of chromosomes by size and arrangement |
| How many chromosomes are there | 23 pair or 46 total |
| Round body inside the nucleus, thought to be involved in RNA production | nucleolus |
| "Power plant" of the cell, breaks down fuel to make energy | mitochondria |
| Network of tubes and channels that transports materials from one part of the cell to another | endoplasmic reticulum |
| what does epithelial tissue do | protects and lubricates |
| what does connective tissue do | connect, join, supports other tissue |
| what does muscle tissue do | contracts enabling movement |
| what does nervous tissue do | conducts electrical impulses |
| Which systems have organs that are all lined with mucous membranes (epithelial tissue) | respiratory; reproductive; digestive; and urinary |
| The 3 serous membranes that line body cavities and their location | pleura-covers lungs and lines thoracic cavity pericardium- covers heart, lines pericardial cavity peritoneum- covers abdominopelvic organs, lines abdominopelvic cavity |
| Which type of tissue forms skin and mucous and serous membranes | epithelial |
| Which type of tissue forms bone, fascia, blood, tendons and fat | connective |
| Which type of tissue contracts enabling movement | muscle |
| Which type of tissue relays electrical impulses | nervous |
| Name 3 types of muscle | skeletal, cardiac, smooth or visceral |
| function of skeletal muscle | attached to bones, voluntary and striated |
| function of cardiac muscle | found in the heart, involuntary and striated |
| function of smooth or visceral muscle | found in internal organs, involuntary and non-striated |
| Define tissue | groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function |
| Define organ | two or more different tissues working together to perform a complex function or common goal |
| Define system | groups of organs working together to perform a complex function or common goal |
| Define homeostasis | The bodies automatic tendency to maintain a constant environment or steady state |
| Define nutrient | any useful substance |
| Define energy | the ability to do work |
| Define metabolism | sum total of all chemical reactions that take place in the body |
| Which phase is the "building up" phase and uses energy | anabolism |
| Which phase is the "breaking down" phase and produces energy | catabolism |
| Osmosis | The movement of water from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration |
| What is the difference between diffusion and active transport | Active requires assistance and uses energy Particles are moved against the concentration gradient |
| Function of integumentary system | protection, excretion, respiration |
| Function of skeletal system | framework and support |
| Function of muscle system | movement by way of contraction |
| Function of digestive (gastrointestinal) system | digestion, absorption, elimination |
| Nervous system | provides communication throughout the body |
| Endocrine system | controls, initiate, regulates all body activity (mate to the nervous system) |
| Reproductive system | propagation of the human race |
| Serous membranes | Body cavities are lined with this |
| Serous fluid | Body cavities are known to produce this slippery substance that serves to protect tissues |
| 1.5 L | Serous membranes produce this much fluid each day. |
| Serous fluid | Serves to protect and cushion the organs enclosed within |
| Connective tissue | The most abundant connective tissue in the body |
| Joins, connects and supports | The main purpose of the connective tissue |
| Fibroblasts | Bind, connect, make scar tissue |
| Macrophage | Eat and devour |
| Mast cells | Part of inflammatory process. Produces histamine and heparin |
| Plasma cells | Makes antibodies (immune system) |
| Adipocytes | Insulates, cushions, provides energy |
| Gel-like fluid that suspend connective tissue cells | Ground substance or matrix |
| Connective tissue fibers | Collagen, reticular, elastin, |
| Collagen | Very strong, resilient and flexible. Strongest and largest of fibers, rope like |
| Reticular | Mesh like, adhere skin to underlying structures |
| Elastin | Very strong. Can stretch and return to original state |
| Most rigid and dense of connective tissue | Bone |
| Most liquid of connective tissue | Blood |
| Connective tissue known for storing available energy called fat | Adipose |
| Loose aereolar | Connective tissue that binds the skin to the underlying structures |
| Dense fibrous | Connective tissue that makes up the tendons and ligaments of the body |
| Elastin | Connective tissue that surrounds the muscles and blood vessels |
| Cartilage | Connective tissue that protects the ends of all bones |
| Tensegrity | Ability to move in all directions, hold tension |
| Thixotropic | When agitated it liquifies |
| Petrosage, friction | How does a MT use thixotropic properties |
| Piezoelectricity | Electrical current within collagen of the connective tissue |
| Acupuncture | Bodywork modalities that engage piezoelectricity |
| Connective tissue | What is fascia |
| Neuron, neuroglia | Two types of nervous cells |
| Neuron | Conducts electricity |
| Neuroglia | No impulses, supports nervous cells |
| 2 divisions of the nervous system | Central, peripheral |
| Brain , spinal cord | Structures within the CNS |
| Spinal and cranial | Structures within the PNS |
| 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system | Sympathetic, parasympathetic |
| Chi, Prana | Eastern medicine that gives concept of the life force that flows through us |
| Meridians, channels | Chinese medicine uses these to tap into life force and correct imbalance |
| 12 Meridians | Lung, lg intestine, stomach, spleen/pancreas, heart, sm intestine, bladder, kidney, heart Governor, triple warmer, gall bladder, liver |
| Yin | Negative charge, dark side, parasympathetic, female |
| Yang | Sympathetic, positive, light side, male |
| Yin organs | Liver, spleen, pancreas, brain |
| Yang organs | Hollow organs, heart, lungs |
| Five elements | Fire, earth, metal, water, wood |
| Ayurveda | Right living/knowledge. This form of energy medicine uses the 5 elements in combination to form the dosha |
| Wheel of life | Chakras |
| 7 Chakras | Base, saccral, solar plexus, heart, throat, third eye, crown |
| Nerve plexus | Chakras are closely related to the nervous systems what? |
| Energy field is composed of | Physical body, etheric body, emotional body, mental body, spiritual body. These fields are called the aura |
| Integumentary | Covers and protects, respiration and excretion |
| Skeletal | Supports structure and framework |
| Reproductive | Propogation of life |
Created by:
mlarke
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