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CPC-Urinary
CPC Study - Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 types of nitrogenous waste: | urea, creatinine, uric acid |
| What does the urinary system do? | removes waste, conserves nutrients and water, balances electrolytes, assists liver in detoxificaction |
| The organs of the urinary system: | kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra |
| These organs secrete berenin and erythropoietin: | kidneys |
| What does berenin affect? | blood pressure |
| What does erythropoietin do? | stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow |
| This is the outer layer of the kidney: | cortex |
| This is the inner portion of the kidney: | medulla |
| This is the depression on medial border of the kidney through which blood vessels and nerves pass: | hilum |
| The divisions of the medulla of the kidney are called: | pyramids |
| These are the inner parts of the pyramids of a kidney's medulla: | papilla |
| The receptacle for urine within the kidney is called: | renal pelvis |
| These surround the top of the renal pelvis: | calyces |
| These are the operational units of the kidney: | nephrons |
| What are the ureters? | narrow tubes transporting urine from kidneys to bladder |
| What is the trigone? | smooth, triangular area inside the bladder formed by openings of ureters and urethra |
| What is the urethra? | canal from bladder to exterior of body |
| What is the outside opening of the urethra called? | urinary meatus |
| Bulbocavernosus | muscle that constricts vagina in females and urethra in males |
| Bulbourethral | gland with duct leading to urethra |
| Calculus | stone - concretion of mineral salts |
| Calycoplasty | surgical reconstruction of recess of renal pelvis |
| Calyx | recess of renal pelvis |
| Cystolithectomy | removal of a calculus from urinary bladder |
| Cystometrogram | measurement of pressures and capacity of urinary bladder |
| Cystoplasty | surgical reconstruction of bladder |
| Cystorrhaphy | suture of bladder |
| Cystoscopy | use of a scope to view bladder |
| Cystostomy | surgical creation of an opening into the bladder |
| Cystotomy | incision into the bladder |
| Cystourethroplasty | surgical reconstruction of bladder and urethra |
| Dysuria | painful urination |
| Endopyelotomy | procedure involving bladder and ureters, including insertion of a stent into renal pelvis |
| Fundoplasty | repair of the bottom of bladder |
| Hydrocele | sac of fluid |
| Kock Pouch | surgical creation of a urinary bladder from a segment of the ileum |
| Nephrocutaneous Fistula | an abnormal channel from kidney to skin |
| Nephrolithotomy | removal of kidney stone through an incision made into the kidney |
| Nephrorrhaphy | suturing of kidney |
| Nephrostomy | creation of a channel into renal pelvis of kidney |
| Transureteroureterostomy | surgical connection of two ureters |
| Transvesical Ureterolithotomy | removal of a ureter stone through bladder |
| Ureterectomy | surgical removal of ureter, partial or complete |
| Ureterocutaneous Fistula | channel from ureter to skin |
| Ureteroenterostomy | creation of a connection between intestine and ureter |
| Ureterolithotomy | removal of ureter stone |
| Ureterolysis | freeing of adhesions of ureter |
| Ureteroneocystostomy | surgical connection of ureter to a new site on bladder |
| Ureteropyelography | ureter and renal pelvis radiography |
| Ureterotomy | incision into ureter |
| Urethrocystography | radiography of bladder and urethra |
| Urethromeatoplasty | surgical repair of urethra and meatus |
| Urethropexy | fixation of urethra by means of surgery |
| Urethroplasty | surgical repair of urethra |
| Urethrorrhaphy | suturing of urethra |
| Urethroscopy | use of scope to view urethra |
| Vesicostomy | surgical creation of a connection of viscera of bladder to skin |
| Causes of acute renal failure: | extreme hypotension, trauma, infection, inflammation, toxicity, obstructed vascular supply |
| Symptoms of acute renal failure | uremia, oliguria, anuria, hyperkalemia, pulmonary edema |
| Uremia | build-up of nitrogenous wastes in blood |
| Oliguria | decreased output of urine |
| Anuria | no output of urine |
| Hyperkalemia | high potassium in blood |
| 3 types of acute renal failure: | prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal |
| This type of acute renal failure is associated with poor systemic profusion and decreased renal blood flow: | prerenal |
| This type of acute renal failure is associated with renal parenchyma disease: | intrarenal |
| This type of acute renal failure results from urine flow obstruction outside the kidney (ureters or bladder neck): | postrenal |
| What are the 5 stages of renal failure based on? | level of creatinine clearance |
| Increased blood flow through the kidney and enlarged kidney are which stage of chronic renal failure? | Stage I |
| Small amounts of albumin leak into urine in this stage of chronic renal failure: | Stage II |
| The kidney loses ability to filter waste in this stage of chronic renal failure: | Stage III |
| Blood pressure increases and large amounts of urine pass through kidney in this severe stage of chronic renal failure: | Stage IV |
| This stage of chronic renal failure is considered end-stage (dialysis or transplant only option) | Stage V |
| 3 causes of chronic renal failure: | nephrotoxins, diabetes, hypertension |
| Percentage of nephron loss in end-stage renal failure: | 90 percent |
| What bacteria causes bacterial cystitis? | E. coli |
| Acute Pyelonephritis | bacterial infection with multiple abscesses of renal pelvis and medullary tissue |
| What is the function of glomerulus? | blood filtration |
| Glomerulonephritis | inflammation of glomerulus |
| Nephrotic Syndrome (Nephrosis) | disease of kidneys that includes damage to membrane of the glomerulus causing excessive protein loss to urine |
| APSGN | Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis |
| APSGN is most common in: | boys between ages 3 and 7 |
| Nephrolithiasis and renal calculi are names for: | kidney stones |
| What are kidney stones formed of? | mineral salts (uric and calcium) |
| Where does a staghorn calculus form? | renal pelvis |
| Hydronephrosis | distension of kidney with urine due to obstruction |
| Nephrosclerosis | excessive hardening and thickening of vascular structure of kidney |
| Polycistic Kidney | numerous kidny cysts (genetic disease) |
| Common name for nephroblastoma: | Wilms' Tumor |
| Wilm's Tumor (nephroblastoma) | unilateral kidney tumors - most common tumor in children |
| Surfaces of the bladder: | posterior, anterior, superior |
Created by:
dropgallow
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