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PIMA BIO130
CHP8 Skeletal; Lower Extremity Bones and Their Markings; Coxal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Coxal | Large hip bone (pelvic bone); with the sacrum and coccyx, forms the basinlike pelvic cavity; lower extremities attached to the axial skeleton by the coxal bones |
| Ilium | Upper, flaring portion |
| Ischium | Lower, posterior portion |
| Pubis | Medial, anterior section |
| Acetabulum | Hip socket; formed by the union of the ilium, ischium, and pubis |
| Iliac crests | Upper, curving boundary of the ilium |
| Anterior superior (re: iliac spines) | Prominent projection at the anterior end of the iliac crest; can be felt externally as the "point" of the hip |
| Anterior inferior (re: iliac spines) | Less prominent projection short distance below anterior superior spine |
| Posterior superior (re: iliac spines) | At the posterior end of the iliac crest |
| Posterior inferior (re: iliac spines) | Just below the posterior iliac spine |
| Greater sciatic notch | Large notch on the posterior surface of the ilium just below the posterior inferior spine |
| Ischial tuberosity | Large, rough, quadrilateral process forming the inferior part of the ischium; in an erect sitting position the body rests on these tuberosities |
| Ischial spine | Pointed projection just above tuberosity |
| Pubic symphysis | Cartilaginous, amphiarthrotic joint between pubic bones |
| Superior pubic ramus | Part of the pubis lying between the symphysis and acetabulum; forms the upper part of the obturator foramen |
| Inferior pubic ramus | Part extending down from the symphysis; unites with the ischium |
| Pubic arch | Curve formed by the two inferior rami |
| Subpubic angle | Angle formed under the inferior pubic rami; generally larger in women than in men |
| Pubic crest | Upper margin of superior ramus |
| Pubic tubercle | Rounded process at the end of the crest |
| Obturator foramen | Large hole in the anterior surface of the coxal bone; formed by the pubis and ischium; largest foramen in the body |
| Pelvic inlet (or brim) | Boundary of aperture leading into true pelvis; formed by pubic crests, iliopectineal lines, & sacral promontory; size & shape of inlet have obstetrical importance cuz if any of its diameters are too small, infant's skull cannot enter true pelvis for birth |
| True pelvis (or lesser pelvis) | Space below the pelvic brim; true "basin" with bone and muscle walls and a muscle floor; pelvic organs located in this space |
| False pelvis (or greater pelvis) | Broad, shallow space above the pelvic brim, or the pelvic inlet; name "false pelvis" is misleading because this space is actually part of the abdominal cavity, not the pelvic cavity |
| Pelvic outlet | Irregular circumference marking the lower limits of the true pelvis; bounded by the tip of the coccyx and two ischial tuberosities |
| Pelvic Girdle (or bony pelvis) | Complete bony ring; composed of two hip bones (ossa coxae), the sacrum, and the coccyx; forms a firm base by which the trunk rests on the thighs and for attachment of the lower extremities to the axial skeleton |
Created by:
Jgiron6994
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