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Cardiovascular symdi
Cardiovascular symptom diseases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A reduction in the number of erythrocytes in the blood | anemia |
| Anemia in which mature erythrocytes have a shortened survival and bone marrow responsiveness is decreased | hemolytic anemia |
| Iron-deficiency anemia | hypochromic anemia |
| Anemia in which iron stores are very low or absent | iron-deficiency anemia |
| Caused by a lack of folic acid or vitamin B12 and in certain diseases | macrocytic anemia |
| Caused by megaloblasts in the bone marrow | megaloblastic anemia |
| Characterized by smaller than normal red blood cells | microcytic anemia |
| The hemoglobin in the red blood cells is normal, but this type of anemia still occurs | normochromic anemia |
| An anemia in which red blood cells are the normal size, but there are less of them total | normocytic anemia |
| Caused by a lack of vitamin B12, generally associated with gastric atrophy issues | pernicious anemia |
| A hereditary condition in which two abnormally inherited genes cause red blood cells to change shape | sickle cell anemia |
| An anemia in which there exists an adequate amount of iron but the inability to incorporate it to hemoglobin | sideroblastic anemia |
| A sac formed by the dilatation of the wall of an artery, vein, or the heart | aneurysm |
| Any variation from the normal rhythm of the heart | arrhythmia |
| A generic term for a number of diseases in which the arterial wall becomes thickened and loses elasticity | arteriosclerosis |
| Most common diseases in which a yellowish plaque comprised of cholesterol and other lipid material is formed within the arteries | atherosclerosis |
| Inflammation of an artery | arteritis |
| Pathologic condition of the blood usually referring to disorders of the cellular elements of the blood | blood dyscrasias |
| Any disturbance of the heart rhythm in which the heart rate slows | bradyarrhythmia |
| Slowness of the heartbeat | bradycardia |
| A generalized term for primary noninflammatory disease of the heart muscle (myocardium) | cardiomyopathy |
| A clinical syndrome which reflects a fundamental abnormality in the effective performance of the heart (commonly called CHF) | congestive heart failure |
| Right ventricular enlargement secondary to malformation of the lungs | cor pulmonale |
| Any disease of the coronary arteries | coronary artery disease |
| Formation or presence of a thrombus | deep venous thrombosis |
| Positioning of the heart on the right side of the thorax rather than on the left | dextrocardia |
| The sudden blocking of an artery by a clot or foreign material | embolism |
| Inflammation of the endocardium | endocarditis |
| Patients with a history of heart disease or rheumatic fever may be given antibiotics prior to dental treatment for this | SBE prophylaxis |
| A twitching of the cardiac muscle which is not in a sustained rhythm | fibrillation |
| An abnormal passage or communication between two internal organs | fistula |
| AVF is a communication between an artery and a vein during which blood flows into the neighboring vessel | arteriovenous fistula |
| A congenital disease, passed through the mother, in which the blood does not clot properly, and there is both abnormal internal blood flow and bleeding from the mouth | hemophilia |
| Bleeding; blood escaping dangerously from the vessels | hemorrhage |
| The lack of blood in a body part | ischemia |
| A progressive cancerous disease of the blood-forming tissues | leukemia |
| A temporary increase in leukocytes in the blood | leukocytosis |
| A chronic edema of the extremities | lymphedema |
| Obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle | mitral stenosis |
| A bulging of one or both of the mitral valve leaflets | mitral valve prolapse |
| The presence of a large number of monocytes in the blood | mononucleosis |
| A sound heard on auscultation of the heart | murmur |
| Murmurs that are due to turbulent flow through narrowed or otherwise irregular valves or outflow tracts | systolic |
| due to stenosis of the mitral or tricuspid valves or regurgitation of the aortic or pulmonary valves | diastolic |
| Ischemic myocardial necrosis due to the abrupt reduction of coronary blood flow to the myocardium | myocardial infarction |
| Inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart | myocarditis |
| Failure of the communication between the pulmonary artery and the aorta to close in a fetus (PDA) | patent ductus arteriosus |
| An opening in the septum which normally separates the atria | patent foramen ovale |
| Inflammation of the pericardium | pericarditis |
| A pinpoint, perfectly round, purplish-red spot caused by intradermal or submucous hemorrhage | petechia |
| A vascular disease characterized by intermittent bilateral attacks to the fingers and toes | Raynaud disease |
| All layers of the heart are affected by inflammation following rheumatic fever | rheumatic heart disease |
| A state in which blood flow to and perfusion of peripheral tissues is inadequate to sustain life | shock |
| Shock with insufficient vascular volume | hypovolemic shock |
| Shock with inadequate cardiac function | cardiogenic shock |
| Shock with inadequate vasomotor tone | vasodilatory shock |
| The most commonly seen type of shock, an immediate hypersensitivity to a substance such as a bee sting or drug | anaphylactic shock |
| Shock associated with an overwhelming infection | septic shock |
| Any disturbance of the heart rhythm in which the heart rate is abnormally high | tachyarhythmia |
| Excessive rapid action of the heart | tachycardia |
| An anatomic abnormality manifested by severe or total right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a defect | tetralogy of Fallot |
| Inflammation of a vein associated with thrombus formation | thrombophlebitis |
| A term applied to a variety of abnormalities of sinus node function | sick sinus syndrome |
| Unnaturally and permanently distended veins | varicose veins |
| Anemia that is coexistent with another disease(s). | anemia of chronic disease |
| Any form of anemia caused by bone marrow failure or aplasia of the marrow. | aplastic anemia |
Created by:
medicalstudent11
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