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urinary-exam
urinary system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 4 functions of kidneys | 1) regulate blood volume; 2) regulate blood electrolytes; regulate blood pH blood; 3) regulate volume, electrolyte content and pH in tissue fluid |
| where are kidneys located | retroperitoneal |
| what is the membrane that covers the kidneys called | renal fascia |
| internal structure of the kidneys has two tissue layers and a cavity, what is the outer layer called | renal cortex |
| what is the inner layer called | renal medulla |
| what is the cavity called | renal pelvis |
| each kidney has an indentation where the arteries and the veins exit and enter and it is also where the ureter exits, what is the indentation called | hilus |
| in the renal corpuscle the glomerulus is surrounded by what capsule | Bowman's capsule |
| this expands out with tubules and inside there are foot cells that make pores - between these layers is a fluid that will become urine, what is this fluid called | renal filtrate |
| when the tubules and the renal tubule unite they form what duct | Papillary duct |
| these papillary ducts empty urine into what part of the renal pelvis | calyx |
| what are the 3 steps to the formation of urine - put them in correct order | 1) glomular filtration; 2) tubular reabsorption; 3) tubular secretion |
| we have 4 mechanisms of absorption, during active transport the cells and the renal tubules need what energy to transport materials | ATP |
| during passive transport after positive ions are reabsorbed what else is reabsorbed | negative ions |
| during osmosis what is reabsorbed after minerals | water |
| during pinocytosis proteins are absorbed out by what part of the cell | membrane |
| there are 3 hormones that influence absorption - name the hormones and what mechanisms they are responding to | 1) aldosterone - to high potassium, low sodium & low BP; 2) ANH - to high BP and high blood volume; 3) ADH - to low body water volume |
| the ureters stem from where to where and allow urine to flow | kidneys to the bladder |
| what is it called when the smooth muscle of the ureters contracts | peristalsis |
| what is the smooth muscle of the bladder called | detrusor |
| within the urinary bladder what are the folds that permit the bladder to expand called | rugae |
| urination is also known as | micturition |
| the yellow color of urine comes from the breakdown of bile and is called | urochrome |
| the 1st and most primary evaluation of the urinary system is often done with a simple test called | urinalysis |
| the procedure is used to directly visualize the internal structures of the urethra, the urinary bladder and allows for biopsy is called | cystoscopy |
| if someone has a normal urinalysis this demonstrates 4 things which are | 1) proper filtration; 2) proper absorption; 3) proper elimination; 4) precise fluid & electrolyte balance |
| name 5 characteristics of the urine | 1) color; 2)odor; 3) pH; 4) specific gravity; 5) constituents; 6) amount |
Created by:
pmm
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