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Mitosis & Meiosis

Ch. 25: Perpetuation of the Species

QuestionAnswer
Diploid State in which every chromosome of a cell has a Homologue
Haploid State in which each of the 26 chromosomes lacks a homologous counterpart
Interphase The period in a cell's life cycle between periods of mitosis
G1 phase Gap phase
S phase Synthesis phase
G2 phase Growth phase
Cytokinesis Cytoplasmic division
Mitosis stages (4) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Centromere Joins together each pair of duplicate chromosomes
Chromatid One member of the pair of chromosomes
Prophase The chromosomes condense to the point they are visible under light microscope as x shaped structures. The nucleolus slowly disappears. Centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell. Microtbules give rise to the mitotic spindle.
Metaphase Marked by complete dissolution of the nuclear membrane. The chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate with the help of kinetochore fibers.
Daughter chromosome When sister chromatids are separated
Anaphase Sister chromatids separate (as a result of the splitting of the centromere) and move toward opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase Daughter chromosomes are positioned at opposite poles of the cell. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of daughter chromosomes. The chromosomes decondense and are no longer visible. Nucleoli reappear.
Cleavage furrow Occurs during cytokinesis to divide the cell
Created by: berryswole
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