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Ch 15 part1
A&P 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pericardial fluid is serous. It allows the heart to beat without friction in the p. sac. true or false | true |
| The right and left ventricles are seperated by the interventricular septum. true or false | true |
| Blood in all veins is relatively low in oxygen. true or false | false |
| When an atrium is in systole the ventricle is in diastole. true or false | tue |
| The choradae tendineae are fibrous strings that attach the papillary muscles to the semilunar (SL) valves. tue or false | false |
| The tricuspid valve prevents a back flow of blood into the right atrium. true or false | true |
| During ventricle contraction, all valves attached to the heart skeleton close. true or false | false |
| The blood in the pulmonary arteries has a relatively high CO2 concentration. true or false | true |
| Patients complain of diaphoresis (difficultly breathing) during MI. true or false | false |
| Artial pressure is greatest with relaxation in ventricles and contraction in artia. true or false | false |
| At the onset of ventricle contraction, the pressure (P) in them exceeds artial. true or false | true |
| A heart murmur is head when the valves do not close sufficiently. true or false | true |
| A functional syncytium occurs of a cardic muscle cell is when one cardiac muscle cell causes the surrounding one to inhibit their beat. true or false | false |
| The ECG tracing is a measurement of the contraction sequences of the heart. true or false | false |
| A slow heart rate; diagnosed as bradycardia, is abnormal and should be treated. true or false | false |
| The technique called defilbrillation is the application of an electric current to the chest wall with the desired effect of directly stabalizing the abnormal heart rhythm. true or false | false |
| Either hyperkalemia or hypokalemia could cause an irregular heart rhythm. true or false | true |
| An increase in blood Ca2+ (hyperkalemia) can cause the heart to increase its pressure and have the prolonged QRS interval. true or false | true |
| Which layer of the heart coverings serves the dual purpose of lining the pericardium and forming the outermost wall of the heart? | visceral pericadium (epicardium) |
| The layer of the heart that forms a smooth, protective lining of the heart chambers and valves is the ________. | endocardium |
| The bicupsid vavle _________. | is located on the left side of the heart |
| The ________ has the thickest wall because it pumps blood to the ________. | left ventricle; systemic circuit |
| Freshly oxygenated blood enters the heart through the ______, and is pumped out the _______. | left atrium; aorta |
| Someone suffering a heart attack in his anterior lower right ventricle probably had a blockage in which coronary artery? | anterior ventricular |
| When do the AV valves close during the cardiac cycle? | when ventricular pressure exceeds that of the atria |
| How does the impulse to contract slow down slightly before it is transferred into the ventricles? | junctional fibers leading into the AV node have very small diameters |
| What does the QRS wave on the ECG indicate? | the ventricles are depolarizing while the atris repolarize |
| The inability of the left ventricle to pump blood adequately to the body's cells indicative of ______. | cardic tamponade |
| A condition in which there is a congential predispostion for a ruptured aorta is _______. | Marfan syndrome |
| Which membrane is closest to the heart muscle? | visceral pericardium (epicardium) |
| How many openings are there in the right atrium? | 3 |
| The ______ valve lies between the right atrium and right ventricle. | tricupsid |
| The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents a back-flow of blood into the _______. | right ventricle |
| The aortic semilunar valve prevents blood from returning to the ______. | left ventricle |
| Which structure contains the lowest amount of oxygen? | vena cava |
| Cardiac output can be determined by the following formula. | HR x SV |
| The first heart sound caused by closure of the ______ valves. | atrioventricular |
| The last in the cardic conduction sequence is the _______. | purkinje fibers |
| The electrical initiation of a heartbeat begins in the _______ chamber wall. | right atrium |
| The central cardiac control region is in the _______ of the brain. | medulla oblongata |
| The T wave of an electrocardiogram represents which event? | ventricular repolarization |
| Where is the heart specifically located? | mediastinum |
| The apical heartbeat in an average adult is best heard at the level of the _______. | 5th intercostal space |
| What is a prominent symptom of pericarditit? | severe chest pain |
| Mitral valve prolaspe is a condition, which causes blood to back flow into the ______. | left atrium |
| Which term indicates that tissue in the heart has died? | infarction |
| When does blood flow into the coronary arteries? | during ventricular relaxation |
| About ___% of the atrial blood flows into the ventricles before the atria contract. | 70 |
| For one complete cycle of blood flow through the heart one should listen to how many heasounds that are due to the valves opening and closing? | 4 |
| A stethoscope placed at the upper tip of the sternum will be best to detect which sound? | tricupsid valve |
| Which fiber system is the first to depolarize in a cardiac cycle? | sinoatrial (SA) node |
| Which chamber of the heart contains the natural in situ pacemaker? | right atrium |
| The cardiac reflex control centers are located within the _______. | medulla obolongata |
| The time taken for an impulse to travel from the SA to the AV node is evidenced in the ______. | P-Q interval |
| The _____ layer of an artery contains the greastet amount of smooth muscle. | tunica media |
| High HDL (______) indicates less chance for plaque formation because it carries ______. | high density lipoprotein; predominently protein and no fat |
| Lipoprotein complexes found in the plasma that have very low density are given what acronym? | VLDL |
| As the body and its cellular metabolism age, atherosclerosis due to fat deposits in developing plaques and thrombosis as a result of intrinsic blood clot formation may be facilitated primarily due to _______. | lower nitrous oxide household of the epithelial cells in the tunica inima |
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bw3221
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