Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Phlebotomy 2011
Phlebotomy Study Cards to prepare for Certification
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Having great skill or experience in a particular field means? | Professional |
| What does a Phlebotomist do in the health care field? | Obtain blood, perform POCT and EKGs |
| What are some of the cross training taking place in the Laboratory? | Health care professionals that are performing EKGs and Venipuncture |
| To cut into a vein to with draw a blood specimen is known as? | Phlebotomy |
| Speaking in a pleasant voice, making good eye contact and always being patient are considered good what? | Communication skills |
| Who is the "father of modern medicine"? | Hippocrates |
| A person who cut hair, gave an enema, let blood and pulled teeth was known as what? | Barber surgeons |
| What does OSHA stand for? | Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
| Setting standards for a safe and healthy workplace is who's job? | OSHA |
| Washing between patients and wearing gloves is the best way to avoid what? | Infection |
| If an infection is airborne what does that mean? | That it is spread through droplets |
| What is an infectious organism capable of doing? | Spreading disease |
| A person who lacks an effective resistance to disease is considered to be what? | A susceptible host |
| How does infection enter or exit a susceptible host? | Through the respiratory tract, blood or ingestion |
| Infection causes the release of what? | White Blood Cells(WBC) |
| When is it acceptable to put food in a specimen refrigerator? | Never |
| What is needed to clean up a blood spill? | Bio-hazzard bag, gloves, paper toweling and 1:10 dilution of bleach |
| What are the diseases that the Universal Precautions are trying to prevent? | Hepatitis and AIDS |
| What is the # 1 cause of exposure to disease? | Needle-stick injuries |
| Why do we wash/clean before and after patient contact? | So we don't carry germs from one patient to another |
| What does CDC stand for? | Centers for Disease Control |
| What do we use to clean a normal blood draw site? | 70% Isopropanol(Isopropyl alchohol) |
| HIV and Hepatitis infections can easily be spread from what? | A needle-stick |
| How can health care staff prevent needle-sticks? | Use only safety needle devices |
| What is PPE? | Personal Protection Equipment |
| Wearing safety googles, gown and gloves, take a piece of gauze, wrap it around the cap of blood tube, slowly remove the port cap is the proper way of doing what? | Opening a blood tube to aliquot a sample |
| Where should Lab Coats be worn? | In work areas |
| What department handles Cultures & Sensitivity? | Microbiology |
| What department handles PTT? | Coagulation |
| What department handles H&H's? | Hematology |
| What department handles Type and Cross-matches? | Blood Bank |
| What department restores physical capabilities? | Physical Therapy |
| Where would you find a patient having radioactive isotopes injected? | Nuclear Medicine |
| A Sodium Citrate tube is drawn for an APTT for Coagulation, when should it be tested? | Within 4 hours |
| Biopsy tissue, autopsy specimen and cytology specimens all get sent to what department? | Pathology |
| What types of patients do Internal Medicine deal with? | General care patients |
| Venipuncture means? | To draw blood from a vein |
| Blood drawn in a RED Top tube will yield what? | Serum |
| Name the 3 main veins used for venipuncture? | Median Cubital(antecubital fossa), cephalic and basilic |
| Which vein is the most commonly used? | Median Cubital(Antecubital fossa) |
| Depth, bounce and size are all considerations of what? | Deciding which vein to use for venipuncture |
| Where are veins located? | In skeletal collagen tissue and muscle tissue |
| Blood vessels have valves otherwise known as? | Veins |
| What special considerations must be taken into account when deciding what vein to use? | Whether it looks red & bruised, does it move, does it have a pulse and is it too hard & cord-like to puncture |
| What gauge needle is most commonly used for venipuncture? | 21-23 gauge |
| A tube which contains a vacuum, which essentially sucks the blood from the vein through a needle is known as what? | An evacuated system |
| Blood pulled through a syringe is known as what system? | Non-evacuated system |
| When would you use the Non-evacuated system? | When there are tiny or weak veins that may collapse otherwise |
| When would you find it helpful to use a butterfly needle? | For pediatric patients |
| When blood is drawn from an IV line/site, how much blood should be discarded? | 2-5ml |
| If an IV site must be used for a collection site, where would you draw with regard to the site? | Distal to the IV |
| The single most important step to performing venipuncture is? | Proper patient identification |
| What can you do to put the patient at ease? | Have empathy for that patient |
| What might happen if a patient is upset or frightened? | Sympathetic blood flow could occur & the WBC and glucose will elevate |
| What is the correct procedure for washing your hands? | Hold hands in a downward position, scrubbing between your fingers and using a paper towel to dry your hands and turn on or shut off the water |
| Why do we use a tourniquet? | To give the vein time to fill as it dams the blood between the site and the tourniquet |
| Why should a tourniquet be removed within 1-2 minutes? | To avoid the blood from becoming hemoconcentrated |
| How should you clean a venipuncture site? | In a concentric circle motion |
| What is the most common bacteria that lives on the skin? | Staphyloccos |
| What is the proper way to hold the vein for a venipuncture? | The thumb of the hand holding the arm should contact the vein just below the entry point |
| Why is it not recommended that that you make a window when holding the vein for a venipuncture? | Because you put yourself at greater risk of a needle-stick injury |
| Which glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose diabetes mellitus? | 2 hour Post Prandial Blood Sugar |
| What test could evaluate a liver function? | Bilirubin |
| Which tube used for testing has No Additive? | RED Top |
| What additive is found in a Green Top tube? | Heparin |
| Which tube allows for the blood to stay at it's sugar level? | Gray |
| Gray top tubes are used for which tests? | Glucose Tolerance Testing and Blood Alcohol Testing |
| When using a butterfly needle, why do you draw a "waste" tube before drawing a coagulation sample? | Because the tubing attached to the butterfly needle contains air, and you want to get that air out of the line |
| Which tube is used as a "waste" tube or "clearing" tube? | Plain Tube |
| What rule should be followed when drawing a SST tube? | It should be drawn after the Red Top tube |
| The Lavender Top tube serves what purpose? | To prevent the sample from clotting |
| What is the EDTA tube? | Lavender Top |
| How many times do you invert a non-additive tube? | None. It is not a tube which needs to be inverted |
| Why do you disengage the tube from the back of the needle before withdrawing the needle from the arm? | Because the vacuum from the tube can cause a bruise |
| How long should the alcohol dry before performing the venipuncture? | 30 seconds |
| What can cause skin irritation and hemolysis? | Alcohol |
| What causes a hematoma? | Puncturing the wall of a vein |
| What is the slanting surface at the end of a needle called? | Bevel |
| What does lumen mean? | It is the space within the walls of an artery, vein or tube |
| What does it mean when a vein is patent? | It means it is in a state of elasticity, free, open and a good vein to use |
| If you need to draw 3ml of blood using a syringe, where would the bottom of the plunger be located? | At the 3cc mark |
| What tests cannot be performed if the blood is hemolyzed? | CBC, K+ and BIL |
| What reason would the blood not flow into the tube after puncturing a site? | The tube has too much vacuum or the needle went through the vein |
| You draw a green top tube, let the specimen sit for one hour, it separates, what is the pale yellow fluid at the top called? | Plasma |
| Which of the following are considered to be extracellular fluid? Serum, Blood, Interstitial fluid or All of them? | Interstitial fluid |
| How do you consider the normal range for capillary blood? | Through Arterial values and Venous values |
| What test(s) can be done from a skin(dermal) puncture? | Prothrombin |
| When collecting blood for a skin puncture which specimen should be collected first? | Either WBC or Platelets |
| Why is it necessary to wipe the finger between collection tubes? | To prevent micro-clots |
| Where should the finger be punctured? | Off to the sides, not in the middle or on the tip |
| Why would you warm the hand or foot? | To encourage blood flow |
| Why wouldn't you use cotton balls to clean a puncture site? | Because cotton balls leave lint and fibers at the site |
| If you made a blood smear from a blood tube, how long can you allow the tube to sit? | 2-6 hours |
| You use a blood tube for a blood smear, you let it sit for longer than 6 hours, what happens to that sample? | It losses it's value |
| What should the edge of a blood smear look like? | A Feather or a Rainbow |
| Why shouldn't you squeeze or "milk" the skin puncture site? | It can cause hemolysis |
| What is the function of white blood cells? | To fight infection |
| How do platelets help coagulation? | They form thromboplastin |
| When RBC lyse, what analytes are affected the most? Bilirubin, Glucose, Sodium, Potassium or All of Them? | Potassium |
| Why does Hemoglobin have the color it does? | Because of the oxygen content |
| Which WBC forms antibodies to foreign particles? Monocytes, Basophils, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils or All of them? | Lymphocytes |
| What are Neutrophils and what do they do? | They are WBC that serve to engulf and digest foreign particles in the body |
| When there is an allergic reaction; which WBC will be seen in increased numbers? | Eosinophils |
| What do ammonia levels and ABGs have in common? | They both need to be collected and put on ice |
| What is an autologous donation? | The person giving and receiving |
| The protein which induces the production of antibodies is called what? | An antigen |
| What happens if the body is attacked by a foreign body? | There is an increase in WBC |
| Why are "bleeding" times performed? | To see how long it takes for blood to clot or how long it takes for the site to stop bleeding |
| When doing a "bleeding" time, the blood pressure cuff should be pumped to what? | 40mmHg |
| What age is it mandatory to perform a PKU? | 7-14 days |
| What could happen to an infant if a PKU is not detected? | Could miss the proper diagnosis of retardation |
| What is TDM? | Therapeutic Drug Monitor |
| Before doing an ABG; what test must be done first to determine the patient's circulation? | Allen Test |
| What do triglycerides, glucose and cholesterol have in common? | All must be done Fasting or at Basal state |
| Why are Lab tests needed? | To diagnose and treat a patient |
| If a glucose test is collected in an SST tube, it should be separated within what timeframe? | 1 hour |
| Regarding the separation of a blood sample in an SST tube, what does separation mean? | To separate the serum from the clot |
| What, if anything, should be included on the label of a blood specimen tube? | Patient's name, date and time of day, ID number and tech's name/initials |
| When drawing a patient in the feet or legs, what complication can occur? | It could cause Thrombophlebitis |
| What is the standard recommended way to hold the arm when doing a venipuncture? | Hold the arm straight and anchor the vein |
| Why do you use a Navy(Dark Blue) tube for determining the level of metals? | Because it is free of trace metals |
| True or False: When you perform a syringe draw, you should fill the anticoagulant tube last. | False |
| An IV patient has a glucose result of 450mg/dl and is not a diabetic. Why do you think this happened? | Maybe the patient is in fact a diabetic, but was never diagnosed as such |
| True or False: A specimen is hemolyzed when the serum of the blood sample is cherry red. | True |
| Tue or False: Reticulocyte count evaluates the RBC in bone marrow. | True |
| What is PT & PTT used to evaluate? | Clotting time |
| True or False: The serum of a blood specimen will be milky or cloudy if the patient is diabetic. | False |
| Why would the serum of a blood specimen be cloudy or milky? | Because the patient has bad eating habits |
| If a patient had a mastectomy on the right side, would you draw blood from the right side or left side? | Left side |
| Why would a vein roll when you try to puncture it? | You did not anchor the vein properly |
| True or False: Aging skin bruises very easy, veins are buried in the skin and you should never use tape on aged skin. | True |
| True or False: If a patient is having a seizure while you are drawing blood, you must keep drawing the blood until you are done. | False |
| True or False: If you probe around in a patients arm you can cause nerve damage. | True |
| Why would you not draw from a burn area? | The skin has been damaged and you can't feel anything |
| What type of communication skills would you use for children when drawing their blood? | Speak in a soft voice and be gentle with them |
| True or False: You can do a venipuncture on a 2 day old infant. | True |
| You should never do dermal puncture on a child in the foot after 6 months. Why? | Because you can hurt the bone in the foot |
| Why should you never puncture the curvature of the heel? | Because it could cause damage to the calcaneous bone |
| What is the study of blood and blood-forming tissues called? | Hematology |
| For what is AFB a test? | Tuberculosis |
| What type of consent is inferred by signs, inaction or silence? | Implied consent |
| If one is neglectful or fails to perform an obligation they are guilty of which of the following: breach of duty, damages, libel, slander or precedent? | Breach of Duty |
| The latin phrase that means "Let the master answer" is which of the following: guardian ad litem, subpoena duces tecum proximate cause or respondeat superior? | Respondeat Superior |
| What is the legal term for the threat of bodily harm? | Assault |
| Unauthorized publication of information about a patient is which of the following: tort, slander, libel, invasion of privacy or defamation of character? | Invasion of Privacy |
| If you touched a patient without consent you could be guilty of what? | Battery |
| What type of consent is given when a patient understands the risks and benefits of the procedure? | Informed consent |
| If a phlebotomist does not use proper measures to prevent a fainting patient from falling of what is s/he guilty? | Negligience |
| Define Asepsis. | Germ free |
| A term for killing organisms after they leave the body. | Medical asepsis |
| What is a form of isolation in which anyone entering the patient's room and having direct contact with the patient wears gloves and gowns? | Contact isolation |
| What is the form of isolation used for patients who have diseases tht can be spread by droplet infection? | Respiratory isolation |
| Which Federal Agency established in 1946, and headquartered in Atlanta, GA functions to prevent and control disease? | CDC |
| Which non-governmental agency, headquartered in Chicago, IL, establishes guidelines for hospitals and health care agencies to follow regrding quality of care? | JACHO |
| What are the Federal guidelines that regulate all clinical labs; regulate specfic guidlines for QA, QC, record keeping and personnel qualifications and regulations apply to any site that test human specimens? | CLIA |
| What year was the Clinical Laboratory Improvements Amendments enacted? | 1988 |
| Enacted in 1996 by the U.S. Congress that protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. | HIPAA |
| An institute formerly known as NCCLS - develops guidelines and sets standards of performance for all areas of the clinical laboratory,what is it? | CLSI |
| An agency that outlines competencies for phlebotomy programs approved by their organizaitons, also approves phlebotomy programs, is known as? | NAACLS |
| What is a physician's order to obtain a specimen for testing? | Requisition |
| As blood circulates, which components does it carry to and from the lungs? | Oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| In a hospital setting when should a phlebotomist never draw blood? | When a patient is not wearing an ID band |
| What is the destruction of red blood cells called? | Hemolysis |
| What is an accumulation of fluid under the skin called? | Edema |
| What is a sterile disposable, sharp instrument used in dermal punctures called? | Lancet |
| A condition in which plasma enters the tissues resulting in a higher than normal concentration of the cellular components of blood is called? | Hemoconcentration |
| A collection of blood underneath the skin is called? | Hematoma |
| Which of the following is NOT a part of the venipuncture needle: bevel, shaft, lumen, barrel, hub? | Barrel |
| What tube is used for CBC draw and contains EDTA? | Lavender Top |
| Which tube must have a 9:1 ration and is used for the collection of coagulation studies? | Light Blue Top |
| What does the gray top tube contain? | Sodium Fluoride/Potassium Oxalate Sodium Fluoride/Na2EDTA |
| Which tube contains Acid Citrate Dextrose-A (ACD-A) Acid Citrate Dextrose-B (ACD-B) Sodium Polyanetholesulfonate (SPS)? | Yellow Top |
| What can happen if a tourniquette is left on too long? | Hemoconcentration |
| What condition could happen if you draw blood from a mastectomy patient? | Lymphostasis |
| What size lancet can permanently damage an infant? | 2.8mm |
| Which additive also inhibits glycolysis? | Sodium fluoride |
| Capillary specimens will have a higher amount of what component? | Glucose |
| If a dermal puncture penetrates the bone, what could the incision cause? | Osteomyelitis |
| Why is the first drop of blood that appears after a dermal puncture not collected for testing? | It contains interstitial fluid |
| On an adult, other than fingers or heals, where can a dermal puncture be done? | Ear lobe |
| In 1993 the FDA approved the use of which topical anesthetic? | EMLA |
| A test required to be performed on infants, is called? | PKU |
| If you draw a patient's blood without consent you can be charged with what? | Assault & Battery |
| How long should pressure be applied to a venipuncture site to stop bleeding? | 5 minutes |
| What is iron containing protein in red blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide? | Hemoglobin |
| What is a Thrombocyte? | Platelets |
| What is the liquid portion of blood after it has clotted and fibrinogen is gone? | Serum |
| What valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle? | Tricuspid |
| What valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle? | Mitral |
| The issuance by an official body of a certificate to a person indicating certain requirements to practice have been met is called what? | Certification |
| What do you call the ability to safeguard patient privacy, particularly information in the patient record? | Confidentiality |
| What agency developed the Patient's Bill of Rights? | American Hospital Association(AHA) |
| Which blood component quickly accumulates around the dermal puncture site? | Platelets |
| Also known as the pacemaker of the heart? | SA Node |
| Which color tube contains sodium citrate? | Light Blue Top |
| The additive in a green-top collection tube is? | Lithium heparin/Sodium heparin |
| Hormones are produced in which of the following body systems? | Endocrine |
| This complication results from repeated venipuncture of the same vein: | Phlebitis |
Created by:
BellaRu28
Popular Medical sets