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Ch. 11 preparations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Elixir | A drug that is dissolved in a solution of alcohol and water. Elixirs are sweetened and flavored and are taken orally.Example: Dimetapp Elixir |
| Emulsion | A mixture of fats or oils in water. Example: Soyacol Emulsion |
| Liniment | A drug combined with oil, soap, alcohol, or water. Liniments are applied externally, using friction, to produce a feeling of heat or warmth. Example: Heet Liniment |
| Lotion | An aqueous preparation that contains suspended ingredients. Lotions are used to treat external skin conditions. They work to soothe, protect, and moisten the skin and to destroy harmful bacteria. Example: Caladryl Lotion |
| Solution | A liquid preparation that contains one or more completely dissolved substances. The dissolved substance is known as the solute, and the liquid in which it is dissolved is known as the solvent. Example: Polysporin Ophthalmic Solution |
| Spirit | A drug combined with an alcoholic solution that is volatile( a substance that is volatile evaporates readily). Example: aromatic spirit of ammonia |
| Spray | A fine stream of medicated vapor, usually used to treat nose and throat conditions. Example: Dristan Nasal Spray |
| Suspension | A drug that contains solid insoluble drug particles in a liquid; the preparation must be shaken before administration. Example: Amoxicillin Oral Suspension. |
| Syrup | A drug dissolved in a solution of sugar, water, and sometimes a flavoring to disguise an unpleasent taste. Example: Robitussin Cough Syrup |
| Tincture | A drug dissolved in a solution of alcohol or alcohol and water. Example: tincture of iodine. |
| Tablet | A powdered drug; that has been pressed into discs. Some tablets are scored; that is, they are marked with an indentation so that they can be broken into halves or quartes for proper dosage. Example: Tylenold Tablets |
| Chewable tablet | A powdered drug that has been flavored and pressed into a disc. Chewable tablets are often used for antacids, antiflatulents, and children's medication. Example: Pepto-Bismo Chewable Tablets. |
| Sublingual tablet | A powdered drug that has been pressed into a disc and is designed to dissolve under the tongue, which permits its rapid absorption into the bloodstream. Example: nitroglycerin sublingual tablets(Nitrostat) |
| Enteric-coated tablet | A tablet coated with a substance that prevents it from dissolving until it reaches the eneters. The coating protects the drug from being destroyed by gastric juices and prevents it from irritating stomach linning. |
| Capsule | A drug contained in a gelatin capsule that is water-soluble and functions to prevent the pt from tasting the drug. Example: Benadryl Capsules. |
| Sustained-release capsule | Contains granules that dissolve at diff. rates to provide a gradual and continuous release of meds.Reduces the # of doses that must be adm.( also comes in other preparations, such as tablets and caplets) Example: Contac 12-Hr Sustained-Release Capsules. |
| Caplet | Drug contained in an oblong in an oblong tablet with a smooth coating to make swallowing easier. Example Advil Caplets. |
| Lozenge | A drug contained in a candylike base. Lozenges aregned to dissolve on the tongue. Example: Chloraseptic Throat Lozenges. circular and are desi |
| Cream | Drug combined in a base that is generally nongreasy,resulting in a semisold preparation. Creams are applied externally tot he skin. Example: Hydrocortisone Topical Cream |
| Ointment | Drug with an oil base,resulting in a semisolid preparation. Ointments are applied externally to the skin and are usually greasy. Example: Cortisporin Topical Ointment |
| Suppository | Drug mixed with a firm base, such as coca butter, that is designed to melt at body temp. It is shaped into a cylinder or a cone for easy insertion into a body cavity, such as the rectum or vagina. Example: Preparation H Suppositories |
| Transdermal patch | Patch with an adhesive backing, which contains a drug, that is applied to the skin. The drug enters the circulation after being absorbed through the skin. Example nitroglycerin patches. |
Created by:
heatherevans
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